Oral complications following neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with head and neck cancer.

Oral complications from cancer chemotherapy are well documented for the hematologic malignancies but are less well defined for cancers of the head and neck. This prospective study examined 82 patients with stage III or IV disease to determine the incidence and severity of oral sequelae following a total of 141 cycles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Taste alteration (37%) was the most frequent problem, followed by mucositis (30%) and ulceration (22%). Xerostomia, increased salivary flow, loss of appetite, weight loss, dysphagia, bleeding, and infection were also encountered. We conclude that oral problems are common following chemotherapy for head and neck tumors and that more aggressive investigational protocols will result in a much higher incidence and severity of problems. Prevention of these sequelae by conventional as well as investigational means is important to keep them from becoming dose-limiting problems.