Experimental Analysis of Hydrogen Enrichment in Waste Plastic Oil Blends for Dual-Fuel Common Rail Direct Injection Diesel Engines

Abstract Growing global concerns about fossil fuels highlight the importance of alternative fuels for internal combustion engines. Proper management of plastic waste is crucial due to its environmental impact. The pyrolysis oil process offers a sustainable solution to address plastic waste accumulation. This study explores the impact of a hydrogen-waste plastic oil blend on a modern diesel engine. Blends of diesel and plastic oil in ratios of 90:10, 80:20, and 70:30, with hydrogen supplied at 8 liters per minute, are investigated. Experiments are conducted at various loads, and hydrogen-enriched fuel blends are analyzed for combustion characteristics, performance parameters, and emissions. Higher blended fuel ratios lead to extended ignition delays, decreased thermal efficiency, and increased emissions. Hydrogen enrichment reduces carbon dioxide, hydrocarbon, and carbon monoxide emissions, but raises nitrogen oxide emissions due to higher exhaust gas temperatures. The comparative analysis shows significant improvements in brake thermal efficiency and brake-specific fuel consumption under full load conditions. The blend demonstrates notable reductions in hydrocarbon, carbon monoxide, and carbon dioxide emissions, but an increase in nitrogen oxide emissions compared to diesel. The findings indicate that integrating hydrogen into diesel engines enhances performance measures and reduces overall emissions.