法律义务和主权权利:以伊朗核计划为例

L. Kazemi Shariat Panahi
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引用次数: 0

摘要

导言:义务的性质在合规性和责任方面有所不同。这一点可以在伊朗核方案的例子中得到恰当的说明,因为伊朗选择不合作提供保证,核查其核方案将用于和平目的。就伊朗的核计划而言,每一个重要行为体都有自己的工具来处理核查伊朗核活动的和平性质的问题。目的:本文旨在考察法律义务与国家权利之间的关系,同时研究对伊朗核计划案件有重要贡献的法律行为者之间的关系与合作。方法:采用描述性分析和定性分析相结合的方法,对法律文书的内容进行研究,发现其中的相关性和依赖性。结果:研究表明,对伊朗核计划的评估和决议是基于概率和假设,而不是基于具体证据。法律行为者未能在权利和义务之间取得充分平衡。结论:有必要缔结新的多边协定,规定与当前情况相适应的法律义务和承诺,并具有可预见的灵活性,以便在监测发展中的局势的同时维护伊朗的主权权利。
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LEGAL OBLIGATIONS AND SOVEREIGN RIGHTS: THE CASE OF IRAN'S NUCLEAR PROGRAMME
Introduction: the nature of obligations varies in terms of compliance and liability. This point can be aptly illustrated in the case of Iran’s nuclear programme since Iran opted not to cooperate in presenting guarantees verifying that its nuclear programme would be peaceful. In the case of Iran’s nuclear programme, each significant actor has had its own instrument to deal with the problem of verifying the peaceful nature of Iran’s nuclear activities. Purpose: the paper aims to examine the relationship between legal obligations and state rights while studying the relations and cooperation between legal actors of significance contributing to the case of Iran’s nuclear programme. Methods: the author employed descriptive and qualitative analyses to study the content of legal documents and discover the correlations and dependencies. Results: the research has established that the assessments and resolutions on the case of Iran’s nuclear programme have been based on probability and assumptions, not on concrete evidence. The legal actors have failed to achieve a full balance between the rights and obligations. Conclusion: there is a need for new multilateral agreements to introduce legal obligations and commitments compatible with present circumstances and predictably flexible for monitoring of the developing situation while preserving Iran’s sovereign rights.
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