Christopher S. Jazwa, Amira F. Ainis, Ryan B. Anderson, Karim Bulhusen Muñoz, Emmanuel Reyes Estrada, Harumi Fujita
{"title":"墨西哥下加利福尼亚南部卡波普尔莫的定居年代和生存模式","authors":"Christopher S. Jazwa, Amira F. Ainis, Ryan B. Anderson, Karim Bulhusen Muñoz, Emmanuel Reyes Estrada, Harumi Fujita","doi":"10.1080/00934690.2023.2270823","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTCabo Pulmo National Park (CPNP), within the East Cape of Baja California Sur, Mexico, is the location of a highly productive rocky reef ecosystem that was likely attractive to people throughout the Holocene. AMS radiocarbon dates from sites along the coast and faunal data from two excavated sites, D20 and D27, indicate people were present in the region by at least 7120–6755 cal b.p. (D34), but evidence of persistent occupation and possibly higher population densities postdates 2110–1945 cal b.p. (D27, Unit 1). The most prominent sites with intact stratified archaeological deposits appear to be focused adjacent to prominent rocky points, where assemblages include a variety of marine mollusks, fish, birds, terrestrial and marine mammals, and sea turtle remains. At both D20 and D27, there is evidence people targeted small fishes including sardines, likely with nets. This study highlights the strong archaeological potential in CPNP to address questions about human coastal adaptations and population history during the Holocene, emphasizing the importance of protecting cultural resources in an area at risk from growing tourism and residential development.KEYWORDS: Baja California SurCabo Pulmocoastal adaptationsradiocarbonshell middens AcknowledgmentsWe would like to thank the Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia (INAH) and Cabo Pulmo National Park, including Carlos Godinez Reyes and Abigail Reynoso Altamirano, for assistance with permissions and logistical help in initiating fieldwork. Fieldwork and laboratory analysis were funded by Santa Clara University and the University of Nevada, Reno. Kirk Schmitz assisted with site visits, sample collection, and excavation, and Andrea Hernández assisted with excavation. Enah Fonseca assisted with compiling references for past work in Baja California. Judge Daniel Weinstein assisted with logistics and housing, and Henri op den Buys and Pilu Hermosillo assisted with logistical support, including storage of excavated materials in Cabo Pulmo during the period of travel restrictions during the COVID 19 pandemic. Thank you also to Christina Luke and two anonymous reviewers for their comments on our manuscript.Additional informationNotes on contributorsChristopher S. JazwaChristopher S. Jazwa (Ph.D. 2015, Pennsylvania State University) is an Associate Professor at the University of Nevada, Reno. His research interests include island and coastal archaeology, human behavioral ecology, radiocarbon dating, and stable isotope ecology.Amira F. AinisAmira F. Ainis (Ph.D. 2019, University of Oregon, RPA) is an Assistant Professor at California State University, Los Angeles. Her research interests include diachronic adaptations to coastal and island ecosystems, marine paleoecology, marine historical ecology, prehistoric fisheries, and archaeomalacology.Ryan B. AndersonRyan B. Anderson (Ph.D. 2014, University of Kentucky) is an Assistant Professor in the Anthropology Department at Santa Clara University and a Research Associate at the Institute of Marine Sciences at UC Santa Cruz. His research interests include coastal anthropology, political ecology, coastal conservation and development, and sea level rise adaptation.Karim Bulhusen MuñozKarim Bulhusen Muñoz (B.A. in progress, Escuela Nacional de Antropología e Historia, Mexico) is an archaeologist working in Baja California Sur. Her research interests are coastal archaeology, archaeomalacology, and marine ecology.Emmanuel Reyes EstradaEmmanuel Reyes Estrada (B.A. in progress, Escuela Nactional de Antropología e Historia, Mexico) was an archaeologist working in Baja California Sur. His research interests were coastal archaeology, lithic analysis, biological anthropology, and archaeological illustration. Emmanuel passed away in July 2023 during archaeological survey. He was a good person and a talented young archaeologist, and we miss him.Harumi FujitaHarumi Fujita (B.A. 1985, Escuela Nacional de Antropología e Historia, Mexico) is an archaeologist at the Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia (INAH) in Baja California Sur, Mexico. 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AMS radiocarbon dates from sites along the coast and faunal data from two excavated sites, D20 and D27, indicate people were present in the region by at least 7120–6755 cal b.p. (D34), but evidence of persistent occupation and possibly higher population densities postdates 2110–1945 cal b.p. (D27, Unit 1). The most prominent sites with intact stratified archaeological deposits appear to be focused adjacent to prominent rocky points, where assemblages include a variety of marine mollusks, fish, birds, terrestrial and marine mammals, and sea turtle remains. At both D20 and D27, there is evidence people targeted small fishes including sardines, likely with nets. This study highlights the strong archaeological potential in CPNP to address questions about human coastal adaptations and population history during the Holocene, emphasizing the importance of protecting cultural resources in an area at risk from growing tourism and residential development.KEYWORDS: Baja California SurCabo Pulmocoastal adaptationsradiocarbonshell middens AcknowledgmentsWe would like to thank the Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia (INAH) and Cabo Pulmo National Park, including Carlos Godinez Reyes and Abigail Reynoso Altamirano, for assistance with permissions and logistical help in initiating fieldwork. Fieldwork and laboratory analysis were funded by Santa Clara University and the University of Nevada, Reno. Kirk Schmitz assisted with site visits, sample collection, and excavation, and Andrea Hernández assisted with excavation. Enah Fonseca assisted with compiling references for past work in Baja California. Judge Daniel Weinstein assisted with logistics and housing, and Henri op den Buys and Pilu Hermosillo assisted with logistical support, including storage of excavated materials in Cabo Pulmo during the period of travel restrictions during the COVID 19 pandemic. Thank you also to Christina Luke and two anonymous reviewers for their comments on our manuscript.Additional informationNotes on contributorsChristopher S. JazwaChristopher S. Jazwa (Ph.D. 2015, Pennsylvania State University) is an Associate Professor at the University of Nevada, Reno. His research interests include island and coastal archaeology, human behavioral ecology, radiocarbon dating, and stable isotope ecology.Amira F. AinisAmira F. Ainis (Ph.D. 2019, University of Oregon, RPA) is an Assistant Professor at California State University, Los Angeles. 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引用次数: 0
摘要
【摘要】普尔莫角国家公园(capo Pulmo National Park, CPNP)位于墨西哥下加利福尼亚东部的东开普省,是一个高产的礁石生态系统所在地,可能在整个全新世对人们都很有吸引力。来自沿海遗址的AMS放射性碳测年和来自两个出土遗址D20和D27的动物数据表明,至少在7120-6755 cal b.p (D34)之前,该地区就有人类存在,但在2110-1945 cal b.p (D27, Unit 1)之后,有持续居住和可能更高人口密度的证据。具有完整分层考古沉积物的最突出的遗址似乎集中在突出的岩石点附近,那里的组合包括各种海洋软体动物、鱼类、鸟类、陆生和海洋哺乳动物以及海龟遗骸。在D20和D27,有证据表明人们瞄准了包括沙丁鱼在内的小鱼,可能是用渔网。这项研究强调了CPNP在解决全新世人类沿海适应和人口历史问题方面的强大考古潜力,强调了在一个受到日益增长的旅游业和住宅开发威胁的地区保护文化资源的重要性。致谢致谢致谢致谢致谢致谢致谢致谢致谢致谢致谢致谢致谢致谢致谢致谢致谢致谢致谢致谢致谢致谢致谢致谢致谢致谢致谢致谢致谢致谢致谢致谢致谢致谢致谢致谢致谢致谢致谢致谢致谢致谢致谢致谢致谢致谢致谢致谢致谢致谢实地调查和实验室分析由圣克拉拉大学和内华达大学里诺分校资助。Kirk Schmitz协助现场考察、样本收集和挖掘,Andrea Hernández协助挖掘。Enah Fonseca协助编写过去在下加利福尼亚州工作的参考资料。丹尼尔·温斯坦法官协助后勤和住房,亨利·普登·拜斯和皮卢·埃莫西略协助后勤支持,包括在COVID - 19大流行期间旅行限制期间在普尔莫角储存挖掘的材料。还要感谢Christina Luke和两位匿名审稿人对我们手稿的评论。christopher S. Jazwa(2015年宾夕法尼亚州立大学博士)是内华达大学里诺分校的副教授。他的研究兴趣包括岛屿和海岸考古学、人类行为生态学、放射性碳测年和稳定同位素生态学。Amira F. Ainis(2019年博士,俄勒冈大学,RPA)是洛杉矶加利福尼亚州立大学的助理教授。她的研究兴趣包括沿海和岛屿生态系统的历时适应、海洋古生态学、海洋历史生态学、史前渔业和考古生态学。Ryan B. Anderson(2014年肯塔基大学博士),圣克拉拉大学人类学系助理教授,加州大学圣克鲁斯分校海洋科学研究所研究员。主要研究方向为沿海人类学、政治生态学、沿海保护与发展、适应海平面上升等。卡里姆·布尔胡森MuñozKarim布尔胡森Muñoz(学士学位在进行中,Escuela Nacional de Antropología e Historia,墨西哥)是一名考古学家在下加利福尼亚州南部工作。主要研究方向为海岸考古学、考古生态学和海洋生态学。伊曼纽尔·雷耶斯·埃斯特拉达伊曼纽尔·雷耶斯·埃斯特拉达(文学学士学位,Escuela nacional de Antropología e Historia,墨西哥)是一位在下加利福尼亚工作的考古学家。他的研究兴趣为海岸考古学、石器分析、生物人类学和考古插图。伊曼纽尔于2023年7月在考古调查中去世。他是一个好人,一个有才华的年轻考古学家,我们想念他。藤田春美(1985年文学学士,墨西哥国立Antropología历史学院)是墨西哥下加利福尼亚南部国立Antropología历史学院(INAH)的考古学家。她的研究兴趣包括定居模式、生存活动和下加利福尼亚半岛的人口。
Settlement Chronology and Subsistence Patterns in Cabo Pulmo, Baja California Sur, Mexico
ABSTRACTCabo Pulmo National Park (CPNP), within the East Cape of Baja California Sur, Mexico, is the location of a highly productive rocky reef ecosystem that was likely attractive to people throughout the Holocene. AMS radiocarbon dates from sites along the coast and faunal data from two excavated sites, D20 and D27, indicate people were present in the region by at least 7120–6755 cal b.p. (D34), but evidence of persistent occupation and possibly higher population densities postdates 2110–1945 cal b.p. (D27, Unit 1). The most prominent sites with intact stratified archaeological deposits appear to be focused adjacent to prominent rocky points, where assemblages include a variety of marine mollusks, fish, birds, terrestrial and marine mammals, and sea turtle remains. At both D20 and D27, there is evidence people targeted small fishes including sardines, likely with nets. This study highlights the strong archaeological potential in CPNP to address questions about human coastal adaptations and population history during the Holocene, emphasizing the importance of protecting cultural resources in an area at risk from growing tourism and residential development.KEYWORDS: Baja California SurCabo Pulmocoastal adaptationsradiocarbonshell middens AcknowledgmentsWe would like to thank the Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia (INAH) and Cabo Pulmo National Park, including Carlos Godinez Reyes and Abigail Reynoso Altamirano, for assistance with permissions and logistical help in initiating fieldwork. Fieldwork and laboratory analysis were funded by Santa Clara University and the University of Nevada, Reno. Kirk Schmitz assisted with site visits, sample collection, and excavation, and Andrea Hernández assisted with excavation. Enah Fonseca assisted with compiling references for past work in Baja California. Judge Daniel Weinstein assisted with logistics and housing, and Henri op den Buys and Pilu Hermosillo assisted with logistical support, including storage of excavated materials in Cabo Pulmo during the period of travel restrictions during the COVID 19 pandemic. Thank you also to Christina Luke and two anonymous reviewers for their comments on our manuscript.Additional informationNotes on contributorsChristopher S. JazwaChristopher S. Jazwa (Ph.D. 2015, Pennsylvania State University) is an Associate Professor at the University of Nevada, Reno. His research interests include island and coastal archaeology, human behavioral ecology, radiocarbon dating, and stable isotope ecology.Amira F. AinisAmira F. Ainis (Ph.D. 2019, University of Oregon, RPA) is an Assistant Professor at California State University, Los Angeles. Her research interests include diachronic adaptations to coastal and island ecosystems, marine paleoecology, marine historical ecology, prehistoric fisheries, and archaeomalacology.Ryan B. AndersonRyan B. Anderson (Ph.D. 2014, University of Kentucky) is an Assistant Professor in the Anthropology Department at Santa Clara University and a Research Associate at the Institute of Marine Sciences at UC Santa Cruz. His research interests include coastal anthropology, political ecology, coastal conservation and development, and sea level rise adaptation.Karim Bulhusen MuñozKarim Bulhusen Muñoz (B.A. in progress, Escuela Nacional de Antropología e Historia, Mexico) is an archaeologist working in Baja California Sur. Her research interests are coastal archaeology, archaeomalacology, and marine ecology.Emmanuel Reyes EstradaEmmanuel Reyes Estrada (B.A. in progress, Escuela Nactional de Antropología e Historia, Mexico) was an archaeologist working in Baja California Sur. His research interests were coastal archaeology, lithic analysis, biological anthropology, and archaeological illustration. Emmanuel passed away in July 2023 during archaeological survey. He was a good person and a talented young archaeologist, and we miss him.Harumi FujitaHarumi Fujita (B.A. 1985, Escuela Nacional de Antropología e Historia, Mexico) is an archaeologist at the Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia (INAH) in Baja California Sur, Mexico. Her research interests include settlement patterns, subsistence activities, and peopling of the peninsula of Baja California.
期刊介绍:
The Journal of Field Archaeology is an international, refereed journal serving the interests of archaeologists, anthropologists, historians, scientists, and others concerned with the recovery and interpretation of archaeological data. Its scope is worldwide and is not confined to any particular time period. Contributions in English are welcomed from all countries.