What’s urban planning in the Brazilian 21st century?

ABSTRACTThe Brazilian City Statute, from 2001, has institutionalized urban planning instruments at the federal level, comprising an amalgamation of design, law, planning, and economics. This regulation has established just principles, whose interpretation and application in spatial planning land use parameters are the municipalities’ responsibility. The paper introduces interpretations of the Statute and practices in three Brazilian cities of different scales: a national economic capital, a state capital, and a regional metropolis. Considering that urban planning today is determined more by economic logic than by urban principles, we ask: what’s urban planning in the Brazilian 21st Century?KEYWORDS: Urban planningurban planning instrumentsAdditional Building Rights Levysocial housing Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Additional informationFundingThis work received support from the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico – CNPq, Grant [PQ 1C: 313325/2021-9] Urban Regulation and Urban Sustainability 2022-2026 and the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior – CAPES, under Grants: [88882.377287/2019-01] (PHD Jeanne Christine Versari Ferreira); [88887.512029/2020-00] (MS Ana Letícia Saquete Gonçalves).