Conjunctive degrees and cylinders

Abstract In this article, we define and study the notion of a $(c,c_{1})$-cylinder, which turns out to be very useful instrument for investigating the relationships between conjunctive reducibility ($c$-reducibility) and its injective version $c_{1}$-reducibility. Using this notion, we prove the following results: (i) Neither hypersimple sets nor hemimaximal sets can be $(c,c_{1})$-cylinders; (ii) The $c$-degree of a noncomputable c.e. set contains either only one or infinitely many noncomputable $c_{1}$-degrees; (iii) the $c$-degree of either a hemimaximal set or a hypersimple set contains infinitely many noncomputable $c_{1}$-degrees.