Microbial consortia as an option for biocontrol of Stromatinia cepivora

AbstractStromatinia cepivora, the causal agent of white rot, is responsible for 60-80% of economic losses in onion and garlic crops. This work aimed to select biological control agents (BCAs) to control white rot. Ten microorganisms were tested for hyperparasitic activity on S. cepivora sclerotia in garlic (Allium sativum). Bioassays consisted of pots filled with sterile soil and 50 sclerotia in a plastic Tulle bag. Four microorganisms were selected to compare their capability for degrade sclerotia on garlic. Our results showed that increasing degradation happened when Th034, Th035, Th003 and Bs006 were added to the pots containing garlic. Subsequently, three application techniques (seeds, seedlings at transplant, and seeds and transplant) were evaluated. Seven BCAs applied singly and in mixtures were evaluated in semi-field experiments for their ability to reduce white rot symptoms in onion plants in soil inoculated with 300 sclerotia per kilogram. The results indicated that efficacy was dependent on microrganism, mixture, and technique of application. The synergy factor showed that only two treatments have synergistic effects. In both cases, the mixture consisted of a strain of Bacillus and two species of Trichoderma (T. koningiopsis, T. atroviride) applied twice. In most cases, antagonistic interactions among BCAs were observed.Stromatinia cepivora, l’agent causal de la pourriture blanche, est responsable de 60 à 80 % des pertes financières relatives à la culture de l’oignon et de l’ail. Ces travaux visent à sélectionner des agents de lutte biologique (ALB) pour combattre la pourriture blanche. Dix microorganismes ont été testés pour leur activité hyperparasitique envers les sclérotes de S. cepivora chez l’ail (Allium sativum). Des biotests consistaient à placer dans des pots du sol stérile et 50 sclérotes contenus dans des sachets en tulle de plastique. Quatre microorganismes ont été sélectionnés afin de comparer leur capacité à dégrader les sclérotes sur l’ail. Nos résultats ont montré que davantage de dégradation se produisait lorsque Th034, Th035, Th003 et Bs006 étaient ajoutés aux pots contenant l’ail. Subséquemment, trois techniques d’application ont été évaluées (semences, plantules lors de la transplantation et semences et transplantation). Sept ALB appliqués seuls ou combinés ont été évalués au cours d’expériences menées dans des conditions semi-naturelles en vue de déterminer leur capacité à réduire les symptômes de la pourriture blanche chez l’oignon dans un sol inoculé avec 300 sclérotes par kilogramme. Les résultats ont indiqué que l’efficacité dépendait du microorganisme, de la combinaison et de la technique d’application. Le facteur de synergie a démontré que seuls deux traitements ont des effets synergiques. Dans les deux cas, la combinaison consistait en une souche de bacilles et deux espèces de Trichoderma (T. koningiopsis, T. atroviride) appliquées à deux reprises. Dans la plupart des cas, des interactions antagonistes entre les ALB ont été observées.KEYWORDS: antagonismBacillusbiocontrolStromatinia cepivoraTrichodermawhite rotKEYWORDS: MOTS CLÉSAntagonismebacilleslutte biologiquepourriture blancheStromatinia cepivoraTrichodermaDisclaimerAs a service to authors and researchers we are providing this version of an accepted manuscript (AM). Copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proofs will be undertaken on this manuscript before final publication of the Version of Record (VoR). During production and pre-press, errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal relate to these versions also. AcknowledgementsThis work was carried out with the financial support of the Colombian Corporation for Agricultural Research – AGROSAVIA. The authors thank to the Germplasm Bank of Microorganisms for supplying the biocontrol strains.Conflict of interestThe authors declare that there was no economic or financial interest that could be interpreted as a potential conflict of interest.Availability of data and materialThe datasets used and/or analysed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.References Abbott WS 1925. A method of computing the effectiveness of an insecticide. J Econ Entomol. 18(2):265–267. doi:10.1093/jee/18.2.265a. [Crossref], [Google Scholar] Abd-Elbaky A, El-Abeid S, Osman N. 2018. Effect of integration between vascular arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and potassium silicate supplementation on controlling onion white rot. Egypt J Phytopathol. 46(1): 125–142. doi:10.21608/ejp.2018.87774. 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