A Comparative Analysis of Electricity Load Profiles in Some European and Asian Countries. Part 2. Daily Load Profiles

Developing countries are currently characterized by rapid electrification of their population, and domestic electrical appliances are becoming more energy efficient. These processes are superimposed on the digitalization of the economy, development of the Internet of energy, and optimization of electricity consumption to reduce carbon emissions. It is impossible to determine the strategy for the development of the electric power industry in general and the electric grid complex in particular without accurately simulating the power consumption processes in the form of electricity load profiles. This article presents the results from a review of publications, statistical research materials, and the results of various activities aimed at monitoring the daily electricity consumption both in power systems as a whole and in their individual elements, including distribution networks and individual household consumers. The daily electricity load profiles of the following countries are given: Myanmar, Laos, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan, Saudi Arabia, Russian Federation, United Kingdom, Sweden, Germany, Portugal, and Italy. For each electricity load profile, the primary source of initial information is indicated. In developed countries, the electricity consumption profile during the daytime is almost uniform in nature. In winter, the evening maximum slightly exceeds the morning one. In summer, the daily maximum shifts to the morning or afternoon hours. In developing countries, a significant decrease of electricity consumption is observed during the daytime. In all seasons, the daily maximum falls on the evening hours. In European countries and Russia, the maximum daily consumption by household consumers is in the evening hours. In the countries of Southeast Asia, the morning and evening maximums for household consumers are approximately the same. The results of the review and the selected primary sources can be useful as input information on the electricity consumption processes for various studies in the electric power industry field.