Designing and Analyzing a Hybrid Photovoltaic-Biomass Microgrid for Rural Communities

In most developing nations, such as Indonesia, t he combustion of crop leftovers worsens the emissions generated by coal-based thermal power plants. Agricultural residue, which consists primarily of organic components, can be exploited effectively and sustainably to generate biogas by digesting anaerobically. This paper proposes a microgrid (MG) system for dependable electricity in rural areas and effective utilization of existing renewable resources. A complete techno-economic analysis was conducted on constructing an MG system based on solar and biomass energy. Two MG systems delivered reliable rural electrification , MG-I with solar (PV) and MG-I with its isolated PV system, and MG-II with its biomass-based generating units, unstable grid, biomass, and batteries. The investigation includes several performance evaluation criteria: component costs, inflation rate, project viability, generation responses, emissions, and fuel prices. This research shows that grid-connected MG systems can provide more reliable electricity at lower prices than island-based MG systems. In addition, w ith the efficient use of plentiful biomass resources, the proposed MG power system lowers atmospheric pollution.