不可接受的损失:风险、预防和正义

IF 0.2 4区 哲学 0 PHILOSOPHY Christian Bioethics Pub Date : 2023-06-19 DOI:10.1093/cb/cbad013
Paul Scherz
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引用次数: 1

摘要

从19世纪开始,社会统计启发了人们对社会的看法,认为社会是具有一定风险分布特征的人口。风险范式的引入对基督教社会伦理的核心概念(如分配正义)有着深远的影响,这种观点导致了分配正义的新概念,即风险的平等分配。本文描述了由于与分配公正相关的风险范式而产生的紧张关系:风险总是可以进一步降低,风险缓解会产生其他风险,并且没有平衡风险的内在正义规则。虽然承认共同风险可以创造社会凝聚力,但它也会导致利益集团在应对哪些风险方面陷入困境。本文以卫生保健领域的两个例子说明了这些问题:通过药物管理疾病风险的预防性卫生计划,以及为应对Covid大流行而关闭学校的辩论。基督教生命伦理学在与正义问题作斗争时,必须解决风险范式所产生的问题。
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No Acceptable Losses: Risk, Prevention, and Justice
Abstract Beginning in the nineteenth century, social statistics inspired a vision of society as a population characterized by a certain distribution of risks. The introduction of the risk paradigm has deep implications for central concepts in Christian social ethics like distributive justice, with this vision leading to a new concept of distributive justice as the equal distribution of risk. This essay describes tensions that arise due to the risk paradigm in relation to distributive justice: risks can always be further reduced, risk mitigation creates other risks, and there is no inherent rule of justice for balancing risks. While recognition of shared risk can create social cohesion, it also leads to interest groups struggling over which risks to confront. The essay illustrates these problems with two examples from health care: preventive health programs that manage disease risk through medication, and debates over school closures in respond to the Covid pandemic. Christian bioethics, as it wrestles with issues of justice, must address the problems created by the risk paradigm.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
1.30
自引率
33.30%
发文量
15
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