用单词计数测量文本中的文化多样性

IF 2.1 2区 心理学 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL Social Psychology Quarterly Pub Date : 2023-09-16 DOI:10.1177/01902725231194356
Michael Lee Wood
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引用次数: 0

摘要

文化研究中的一个长期关注的问题是理解文化是如何分布的,通常在文化“连贯性”方面进行讨论。文化多样性被定义为人们分享信仰或意义的程度,是文化一致性的一个方面,与许多社会结果有关。本文探讨了如何衡量文本中的文化多样性,并介绍了一种使用单词计数和多样性指数集(称为“多样性概况”)的简单方法,为这一研究领域做出了贡献。文本对社会心理学分析很有用,因为作为个人思想的产物,它提供了一种衡量信仰和意义如何在群体中分布和突出的方法。这里概述的测量方法与许多当代测量文本文化的计算方法形成对比,这些方法采用基于单词共现的意义关系逻辑。虽然在许多情况下,这些更复杂的方法非常适合衡量多样性,但我指出,在某些情况下,基于单词计数的更简单的方法是理想的。在讨论了用单词计数来衡量文化多样性之后,我提出了一个对美国宗教父母的访谈记录的计算分析,这些父母讨论了孩子在什么年龄适合参加不同的活动,这些活动通常被认为不适合年幼的孩子。分析指出了机构对年龄适宜性讨论的同质化影响。最后,我将更广泛地讨论文化分析的含义。
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Measuring Cultural Diversity in Text with Word Counts
A long-standing concern in the study of culture is understanding how culture is distributed, often discussed in terms of cultural “coherence.” Cultural diversity, defined as the degree to which people share beliefs or meanings, is one dimension of cultural coherence that has been associated with many social outcomes. This article contributes to this area of research by considering how to measure cultural diversity in text and introducing a simple approach that uses word counts and sets of diversity indices (called “diversity profiles”). Text is useful for social-psychological analysis because as an artifact of individual thought, it provides a way to measure how beliefs and meanings are distributed and made salient across groups. The measurement approach outlined here contrasts to many contemporary computational approaches to measuring culture in text, which employ a relational logic of meaning based on word co-occurrences. While these more sophisticated approaches are well suited to measuring diversity in many instances, I show that there are some cases for which simpler measures based on word counts are ideal. After discussing the measurement of cultural diversity using word counts, I present a computational analysis of interview transcripts of American religious parents discussing the ages at which it is appropriate for children to participate in different practices often considered inappropriate for young children. The analysis points to the homogenizing influence of institutions on discussions of age appropriateness. I conclude by discussing implications for cultural analysis more generally.
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来源期刊
Social Psychology Quarterly
Social Psychology Quarterly PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL-
CiteScore
4.10
自引率
3.70%
发文量
21
期刊介绍: SPPS is a unique short reports journal in social and personality psychology. Its aim is to publish cutting-edge, short reports of single studies, or very succinct reports of multiple studies, and will be geared toward a speedy review and publication process to allow groundbreaking research to be quickly available to the field. Preferences will be given to articles that •have theoretical and practical significance •represent an advance to social psychological or personality science •will be of broad interest both within and outside of social and personality psychology •are written to be intelligible to a wide range of readers including science writers for the popular press
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