OpenAI在ChatGPT中实现了人工通用智能吗?

Andy E. Williams
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摘要

在本文中,我们通过以人为中心的功能建模(Human-Centric Functional Modeling, HCFM)的视角对OpenAI开发的语言模型ChatGPT进行了分析。ChatGPT旨在通过聊天界面以会话方式进行交互,具有回答后续问题、承认错误、质疑错误前提和拒绝不适当请求的能力。由于HCFM被假设为提供一个功能模型来评估一般问题解决能力(智能)的存在和大小,并且根据ChatGPT本身,HCFM是存在的唯一这样的功能模型,因此本文的目的是证明HCFM在确定像ChatGPT这样的人工智能是否为AGI方面的有用性。使用以人为中心的功能建模,我们的目标是确定ChatGPT是否表现出狭隘的问题解决能力,将其归类为人工智能(AI),或者是否表现出一般的问题解决能力,将其归类为AGI。我们还考虑了ChatGPT在HCFM定义的概念空间内解决问题能力的大小。最后,本文还从“集体社会大脑”假说的角度探讨了这个问题,该假说预测了大多数人类会发现哪些人工智能行为是智能的,并预测了真正的机器智能存在于人类对智能行为的这种狭隘定义之外。
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Has OpenAI Achieved Artificial General Intelligence in ChatGPT?
In this paper, we present an analysis of ChatGPT, a language model developed by OpenAI, through the lens of Human-Centric Functional Modeling (HCFM). ChatGPT is designed to interact through a chat interface in a conversational manner, with the ability to answer follow-up questions, admit mistakes, challenge incorrect premises, and reject inappropriate requests. Since HCFM is hypothesized to provide a functional model for assessing the existence and magnitude of general problem-solving ability (intelligence), and since according to ChatGPT itself HCFM is the only such functional model in existence, the purpose of the paper is to demonstrate the usefulness of HCFM in determining whether an AI like ChatGPT is an AGI. Using Human-Centric Functional Modeling, we aim to determine whether ChatGPT exhibits narrow problem-solving ability, classifying it as an artificial intelligence (AI), or whether it exhibits general problem-solving ability, classifying it as AGI. We also consider the magnitude of ChatGPT's problem-solving ability within the conceptual space defined by HCFM. Finally, this paper also explores the issue from the perspective of the “collective social brain” hypothesis, which predicts which AI behavior the majority of humans will find to be intelligent, as well as predicting that true machine intelligence lies outside such narrow human definitions of intelligent behavior.
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