以创业支持创新增长:对德国联邦政府“创业战略”的思考

Andreas Kuckertz, Alexander Brem
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引用次数: 0

摘要

在世界各地,各国都在寻找通过创业来促进创新和增长的方法。本文介绍了德国于2022年首次发布的“创业战略”的目标、发展过程和内容,并对其潜在用途进行了基本评估。在这篇固执的观点论文中,作者概述了该战略的内容,并将其与现有的政策框架进行了讨论,重点关注创新创业活动的决定因素以及该战略对德国经济的微观、中观和宏观层面的潜在影响。此外,作者还评估和分析了该战略提出的行动领域,以说明其对创新创业活动的潜在影响。该战略的制定避免考虑以证据为基础的基本框架来构建其行动领域,而是依赖于各种企业代理人的不同投入。因此,它强调为初创企业获得融资和建立创业能力作为其主要行动领域。一方面,作者展示了德国“创业战略”的内容如何与经合组织(2017)框架相匹配。另一方面,作者对“创业战略”的行动领域如何影响德国经济的微观、中观和宏观层面提供了详细的见解。据作者所知,这篇文章是第一篇评论德国政府首次发布的创业战略的文章。因此,这可能为其他研究人员分析未来的创业策略提供了几个起点。此外,比较其他欧洲国家和其他国家的这种战略方针可能是制定这一领域公共政策的起点。此外,创业生态系统和创新生态系统的研究人员将为这些主题领域找到具体的锚点。政策制定者可以利用这篇观点论文来设计未来的行动。该文件提供了个人和公司层面以及国家经济和区域生态系统层面的具体行动领域,以得出这些建议。德国是世界上最强大的经济国家之一,也是欧洲最强大的经济国家之一。因此,这种创业策略可能会产生重大影响。这篇观点论文可能会启发其他国家战略的发展,以创造一个积极的经济和社会环境,支持更多创新型初创企业的出现。特别是,该战略对多样性和社会企业家精神的关注似乎很有希望。
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Supporting innovation and growth through entrepreneurship: reflections on the German Federal Government's “startup strategy”
Purpose All over the world, countries are searching for ways to foster innovation and growth through startups. This viewpoint paper presents the aims, development procedure and contents of Germany's “Startup Strategy,” published for the first time in 2022, along with a fundamental assessment of its potential usefulness. Design/methodology/approach In this opinionated viewpoint paper, the authors provide an overview of the strategy's contents and discuss it against established policy frameworks focusing on the determinants of innovative entrepreneurial activity and the potential consequences of the strategy on the micro-, meso- and macro levels of the German economy. Additionally, the authors evaluate and analyze the strategy's proposed fields of action to illustrate its potential impact on innovative entrepreneurial activity. Findings The strategy's development avoids considering an evidence-based, fundamental framework to structure its fields of action and instead relies on diverse input from various entrepreneurial agents. As a result, it emphasizes access to finance for startups and building entrepreneurial capabilities as its main fields of action. On the one hand, the authors show how the contents of the German “Startup Strategy” can be matched with the OECD (2017) framework. On the other hand, the authors offer detailed insights into how the “Startup Strategy's” fields of action might influence the German economy's micro, meso and macro levels. Research limitations/implications To the best of the authors' knowledge, this article is the first one commenting on the German government's first-ever published startup strategy. Hence, this might offer several starting points for other researchers to analyze future startup strategies. Also, comparing such strategic approaches in other European countries and beyond might be a starting point for developing public policies in this field. Also, researchers on entrepreneurial ecosystems and innovation ecosystems will find concrete anchor points for these subject areas. Practical implications Policymakers can use this viewpoint paper to devise future actions. The paper provides concrete fields of action on the individual and company levels, as well as on a national economic and regional ecosystem level, to derive such recommendations. Originality/value Germany is one of the strongest economic nations in the world and by far in Europe. Hence, this startup strategy comes with the potential for substantial impact. This viewpoint paper may inspire the development of other national strategies to create a positive economic and societal environment supporting the emergence of more innovative startups. In particular, the strategy's focus on diversity and social entrepreneurship seems promising.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
3.70
自引率
15.80%
发文量
22
期刊介绍: Institutions – especially public policies – are a significant determinant of economic outcomes; entrepreneurship and enterprise development are often the channel by which public policies affect economic outcomes, and by which outcomes feed back to the policy process. The Journal of Entrepreneurship & Public Policy (JEPP) was created to encourage and disseminate quality research about these vital relationships. The ultimate aim is to improve the quality of the political discourse about entrepreneurship and development policies. JEPP publishes two issues per year and welcomes: Empirically oriented academic papers and accepts a wide variety of empirical evidence. Generally, the journal considers any analysis based on real-world circumstances and conditions that can change behaviour, legislation, or outcomes, Conceptual or theoretical papers that indicate a direction for future research, or otherwise advance the field of study, A limited number of carefully and accurately executed replication studies, Book reviews. In general, JEPP seeks high-quality articles that say something interesting about the relationships among public policy and entrepreneurship, entrepreneurship and economic development, or all three areas. Scope/Coverage: Entrepreneurship, Public policy, Public policies and behaviour of economic agents, Interjurisdictional differentials and their effects, Law and entrepreneurship, New firms; startups, Microeconomic analyses of economic development, Development planning and policy, Innovation and invention: processes and incentives, Regional economic activity: growth, development, and changes, Regional development policy.
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