A. A. Zeynalov, A. A. Anoikin, S. A. Kulakov, A. K. Otcherednoy, R. N. Kurbanov
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引用次数: 0
摘要
本文描述了阿塞拜疆纳希切万自治共和国加兹马洞穴旧石器时代中期的工业。我们介绍了该遗址的地层学、古生物学、年代学和考古学方面的数据。确定了6个岩性层,其中3个(IV-VI)含有丰富的考古材料。该遗址的年表是基于一系列的发光年龄。IV-VI层沉积形成于~55 ~ 40 ka BP。古生物学、花粉学和粒度分析提供了重建洞穴周围晚更新世环境的可能性。动物区系分析显示为草原、半草原和树木繁茂的山地,河岸森林和水源地的芦苇区。对896件文物的分析证明了勒瓦卢瓦和平行还原的优势。勒瓦卢瓦空白的比例很高。最常见的文物是勒瓦卢瓦和莫斯特的点和侧面刮刀;也有石灰,刀,和一些不太明显的旧石器时代晚期类型,如末端刮刀和钻孔。腹侧基部修剪点和腹侧或背侧修剪侧刮刀被广泛使用。所有主要指标都表明,加斯马工业与目前已知的东南高加索地区最后的中旧石器时代组合相对应。Gazma是Taglar行业的一个富有表现力的MIS 3例子。
Gazma Cave—A Final Middle Paleolithic Site in Azerbaijan: Paleogeography, Chronology, Archaeology
This article describes the Middle Paleolithic industry of Gazma Cave in the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic of Azerbaijan. We present data on the stratigraphy, paleontology, chronology, and archaeology of the site. Six lithological layers were identifi ed, three of which (IV–VI) contain abundant archaeological material. The chronology of the site is based on a series of luminescence ages. The deposition of layers IV–VI formed ~55–40 ka BP. Paleontological, pollen, and grain size analysis offer the possibility of reconstructing Late Pleistocene environments around the cave. Faunal analysis indicates steppe, semi-steppe, and wooded mountains, with riparian forests and reeded areas in the fl oodlands. The analysis of 896 artifacts attests to the predominance of Levallois and parallel reduction. The share of Levallois blanks is high. The most common artifacts are Levallois and Mousterian points and side-scrapers; there are also limaces, knives, and a few indistinct Upper Paleolithic types such as end-scrapers and borers. Ventral basal trimming of points and ventral or dorsal thinning of side-scrapers were widely used. All the main indicators show the Gazma industry corresponds to the fi nal Middle Paleolithic assemblages currently known in the Southeastern Caucasus.Gazma is an expressive MIS 3 example of the Taglar industry.
期刊介绍:
This international journal analyzes and presents research relating to the archaeology, ethnology and anthropology of Eurasia and contiguous regions including the Pacific Rim and the Americas. The journal publishes papers and develops discussions on a wide range of research topics including: Quaternary geology; pleistocene and Holocene paleoecology ; methodology of archaeological, anthropological and ethnographical research, including field and laboratory study techniques; early human migrations; physical anthropology; paleopopulation genetics; prehistoric art; indigenous cultures and ethnocultural processes.