落叶松(松科)生长在乌克兰吗?

Ya.P. Didukh, I.I. Chorney, A. Boratyński, R.Ya. Kish, O.O. Kucher, Yu.V. Rozenblit, A.I. Tokaryuk, O.O. Chusova
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摘要

本文讨论了落叶松的历史分类学、分布及其与落叶松和西伯利亚落叶松的诊断特征。本文研究了乌克兰喀尔巴阡山脉8个落叶松种群的球果形态特征和生态群落特征,并通过对这些特征的比较分析,支持了一些分类学家关于落叶松品种分类等级(var.)的观点。在乌克兰已知的种群中没有一个可以确定为L. decidua var. polonica;相反,乌克兰植物主要对应于落叶松的特征,而凯德林森林附近的人工林则属于西伯利亚松。与此同时,在Manyava和Nimchych人工人工林中,根据球果结构,我们记录的标本可以鉴定为L. decidua var. polonica,在Chudei人工林中鉴定为L. sibirica。研究确定,只有两个种群,Kedryn和Staryi Plai,局限于森林的上限(海拔1100-1300米)是天然的,其他(海拔700米左右)是人工起源的,尽管在大多数情况下落叶松恢复得很好。从生态学和生物学的角度来看,落叶松参与的类群分别属于不同的syntaxa: Piceion excelsae (asj . Plagiothecio-Piceetum)、abieti - picelion (asj . Abieti-Piceetum montanum)和Fagion sylvaticae (asj . Dentario glandolosa - fagetum)。根据EUNIS分类,该生物群落应确定为G:3252 -[落叶松]和[松]组,位于干燥的喀尔巴阡盆地内部。考虑到落叶松在当地的分布和两个自然种群的小种群,应将落叶松列入乌克兰红皮书。
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Does Larix polonica (Pinaceae) grow in Ukraine?
Historical aspects of taxonomy of Larix polonica, its distribution and diagnostic characters distinguishing it from L. decidua s. str. and L. sibirica are considered. Morphological characters of cones and ecological and coenotic features of eight larch populations in the Ukrainian Carpathians were studied, and on the basis of a comparative analysis of these signs, the point of view of some taxonomists is supported concerning the proper taxonomic rank of varieties (var.). None of the populations known in Ukraine can be identified as L. decidua var. polonica; instead of that, Ukrainian plants mainly correspond to the characters of L. decidua var. carpatica, while the plantation near the Kedryn Forestry belongs to L. sibirica. At the same time, in artificial plantations (Manyava and Nimchych) we registered specimens that, based on the structure of their cones, can be identified as L. decidua var. polonica, and in plantations of Chudei as L. sibirica. It was established that only two populations, Kedryn and Staryi Plai, confined to the upper limit of the forest (1100–1300 m above sea level) are natural, and others (around 700 m above sea level) are of artificial origin, although in most cases larch recovers well. From an ecological and coenotic point of view, groups with the participation of Larix belong to different syntaxa: Piceion excelsae (ass. Plagiothecio-Piceetum), Abieti-Piceion (ass. Abieti-Piceetum montanum) and Fagion sylvaticae (ass. Dentario glandolosae-Fagetum). According to the EUNIS classification, this biotope should be identified as G:3252 — [Larix decidua] and [Pinus cembra] formations of the dry, inner Carpathian Proprad basin. Taking into account the local distribution and the small size of the two natural populations, Larix decidua s. l. should be included in the Red Data Book of Ukraine.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
0.80
自引率
0.00%
发文量
36
审稿时长
8 weeks
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