同居VS.婚姻:美国教育背景下的择偶策略

IF 3.9 2区 经济学 Q1 ECONOMICS Journal of the European Economic Association Pub Date : 2023-11-07 DOI:10.1093/jeea/jvad065
Fabio Blasutto
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引用次数: 2

摘要

在本文中,我分析了美国同居、结婚和离婚的决定因素。我首先证明,大学毕业生比没有受过大学教育的人更容易结婚,同居和离婚的可能性更小。为了在一个统一的框架内解释这些事实,我建立并估计了一个伙伴关系形成和解散的生命周期模型,其中收入过程因性别和教育而不同。我发现,基于教育的择偶策略差异的主要驱动因素是,大学毕业生之间的性别工资差距更大。由于离婚比终止同居的成本更高,婚姻往往更稳定,因此在失业期间为女性提供更多保护,使其免受人力资本贬值的影响。因此,婚姻是一种更有效的强制家庭专业化的手段。由于大学毕业生有更多的家庭分工空间,他们更有可能选择结婚。影响消费保险需求的收入冲击方差在大学毕业生中更大。即使收入冲击的差异可以潜在地解释合作伙伴的选择,模拟表明收入波动的作用很小。
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Cohabitation VS. Marriage: Mating Strategies by Education in the Usa
Abstract In this paper I analyze the determinants of cohabitation, marriage, and divorce in the US. I first document that college graduates are more likely to marry, and less likely to cohabit and divorce, than non-college educated individuals. To account for these facts within a unified framework, I build and estimate a life-cycle model of partnership formation and dissolution where income processes differ by gender and education. I find that the main driver of education-based differences in mating strategies is that the gender wage gap is larger among college graduates. Since divorce is more costly than ending a cohabitation, marriages tend to be more stable and therefore offer women more protection from human capital depreciation during nonemployment. Consequently, marriage is a more effective means of enforcing household specialization. Since college graduates have more room for household specialization, they are more likely to choose marriage. The variance of income shocks, which affects the demand for consumption insurance, is larger among college graduates. Even if the variance of income shocks could potentially explain partnership choices, simulations suggest a small role of income volatility.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
7.80
自引率
2.80%
发文量
63
期刊介绍: Journal of the European Economic Association replaces the European Economic Review as the official journal of the association. JEEA publishes articles of the highest scientific quality and is an outlet for theoretical and empirical work with global relevance. The journal is committed to promoting the ambitions of the EEA: the development and application of economics as a science, as well as the communication and exchange between teachers, researchers and students in economics.
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