在卢旺达火山国家公园进行了密集的保护工作之后,中、大型食草动物的数量呈积极趋势

IF 1.7 3区 生物学 Q3 ECOLOGY Wildlife Biology Pub Date : 2023-09-15 DOI:10.1002/wlb3.01118
Jean Claude Twahirwa, Deogratias Tuyisingize, Antoine Sekabanza, Paul Twagirimana, Tara S. Stoinski, Richard Muvunyi, Yntze van der Hoek
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引用次数: 0

摘要

目前尚不清楚,经过数十年的密集保护工作,东非维龙加山脉山地大猩猩的显著恢复是否表明其他大型哺乳动物(中、巨型食草动物)的丰度和分布呈积极趋势。积极的种群趋势与全球濒危大象Loxodonta sp.特别相关,因为保护和研究工作主要集中在低地稀树草原生态系统中的种群,而不是维龙加山区生态系统中较小但生态和遗传上独特的种群。在火山国家公园(VNP),我们利用粪便清理区标记的颗粒群计数来确定三种中食草动物(水牛、黑头羚羊、羚羊)和一种巨型食草动物(大象)的密度/丰度和分布;覆盖了卢旺达维龙加山脉的部分地区),分别于2008年7月至9月和2021年进行。我们估计,在2008年至2021年期间,大象和小羚羊的数量略有增加,而水牛和羚羊的密度在过去十年中大幅增加。我们也没有发现大象分布发生重大变化的证据,但观察到其他物种在越南国家公园西南部的密度有所增加。总体而言,2008年和2021年所有物种的密度估计值都比2004年的调查高得多,这表明中、大型食草动物在20世纪末数量急剧下降的情况下已经基本恢复,可能受益于与山地大猩猩相同的保护措施。
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Positive population trends among meso‐ and megaherbivores follow intensive conservation efforts in Volcanoes National Park, Rwanda
It is unclear whether the remarkable recovery of mountain gorillas Gorilla beringei beringei in the Virunga Mountains, East Africa, that followed decades of intensive conservation efforts, is indicative of positive trends in abundance and distribution of other large mammals (meso‐ and megaherbivores). Positive population trends are particularly relevant for globally threatened elephants Loxodonta sp., as conservation and research efforts have predominantly focused on populations that range in lowland savanna ecosystems rather than the smaller but ecologically and genetically unique populations found in the Virunga montane ecosystems. We used marked pellet group counts in dung clearance plots to determine the density/abundance and distribution of three mesoherbivores (buffalo, black‐fronted duiker, bushbuck) and one megaherbivore (elephant) in Volcanoes National Park (VNP; covering part of the Virunga Mountains), Rwanda, in July–September 2008 and 2021. We estimated that elephants and duiker populations saw a minor increase between 2008 and 2021 while densities of buffalo and bushbuck increased substantially over the course of the past decade. We also found no evidence of substantial distributional shifts for elephants but observed increases in densities of the other species in the southwestern parts of the VNP. Overall, density estimates for all species were much higher in both 2008 and 2021 than in a previous survey in 2004, which suggests that meso‐ and megaherbivores have largely recovered from a steep decline in numbers towards the end of the 20th century, possibly benefitting from the same protection efforts that benefitted mountain gorillas.
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来源期刊
Wildlife Biology
Wildlife Biology 生物-动物学
CiteScore
4.30
自引率
0.00%
发文量
33
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: WILDLIFE BIOLOGY is a high-quality scientific forum directing concise and up-to-date information to scientists, administrators, wildlife managers and conservationists. The journal encourages and welcomes original papers, short communications and reviews written in English from throughout the world. The journal accepts theoretical, empirical, and practical articles of high standard from all areas of wildlife science with the primary task of creating the scientific basis for the enhancement of wildlife management practices. Our concept of ''wildlife'' mainly includes mammal and bird species, but studies on other species or phenomena relevant to wildlife management are also of great interest. We adopt a broad concept of wildlife management, including all structures and actions with the purpose of conservation, sustainable use, and/or control of wildlife and its habitats, in order to safeguard sustainable relationships between wildlife and other human interests.
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