探矿邻近场所污水隧洞修复修复的组织与技术方案

A. Aleynikova, P. Hulievskyi, I. Voronenko
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The experience of working with pneumatic formwork gives them special importance, because they ensure the following requirements:quick installation and dismantling of the formwork; the possibility of using it for curved spatial surfaces forms, even with large spans;multiple reversibility of the formwork. 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引用次数: 0

摘要

通过对典型排水管网事故发生情况的分析,揭示了排水管网失效的原因,即:在过去20年里,排污量减少了2-3倍;废水的侵蚀性增加,流速降低,降雨量增加。在超期运行期间,隧道的钢筋混凝土拱顶由于生物腐蚀几乎完全破坏。五十多年前建造的污水隧道被破坏的原因大致相似。由此可见,可以突出下水道隧道的操作细节——截面直径大于1500mm,铺设深度大于5- 7m。值得注意的是,隧道与探井连接处的断面以及探井的结构受到的腐蚀最为严重。在排水结构的修复和恢复中,重要的作用是选择能够抵消硫化氢和其他气体侵蚀作用的材料和结构。在乌克兰和国外,利用高耐酸碱性的材料和结构对排水网络结构进行修复和恢复已经积累了相当多的经验。研究表明,以玄武岩为基础的产品具有许多优点:强度高,重量相当轻,在宽温度范围内工作可靠,不易腐蚀,耐化学性高。使用气动模板的经验使其具有特殊的重要性,因为它们确保了以下要求:模板的快速安装和拆卸;使用它的可能性弯曲的空间表面形式,甚至与大跨度;多重可逆性模板。建造污水隧道拱形部分的技术包括以下几个阶段:拆除隧道的应急部分(拱顶);墙);清除托盘隧道的一部分;恢复部分的隧道隧道的一部分(如果隧道破坏);清理现有的配件,以确保托盘的联合行动和拱顶的保护涂层竖立;安装气动模板的建设与内部完成隧道拱顶石铸造瓷砖,铺石铸造瓷砖;安装必要的配件的防护内衬拱顶由时间组成的整体钢筋混凝土,制作库存模板,拱顶整体部分混凝土拌合料的铺设,混凝土强度达到后气动模板和库存模板的拆除,压实回填沟槽。利用铸石玄武岩砖砌墙修复观景井的主要阶段:拆除楼板;清除墙壁上的腐蚀产物;在隧道连接处的小空隙上注入防腐混凝土;矿井墙的加固(墙深度腐蚀时);面向观景井墙面,采用石铸玄武岩瓦;操作区域和楼梯的内表面用防腐环氧聚氨酯化合物“AQUAKHIM”处理。为了证明使用建议技术的可行性,我们考虑了两种修复被毁隧道的方案:使用石头浇铸瓦的方法;用聚乙烯管道代替被破坏的管道的方法(拆除被破坏的隧道的开放式修复方法)。与使用SPIRO PE管道相比,使用石铸瓦修复下水道隧道的选择在材料成本方面几乎是经济和方便的3倍。以这种方式修复污水隧道的优点是这种材料的耐久性和抗侵蚀性,国内天然材料量充足,成本低。关键词:污水隧道,检测井,玄武岩,气动模板,技术方案,开凿法。
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ORGANIZATIONAL AND TECHNOLOGICAL SOLUTIONS FOR THE REPAIR AND RESTORATION OF SEWAGE TUNNELS IN THE PLACES ADJACENT TO EXPLORATION MINES
The analysis of the occurrence of typical accidents of water drainage networks indicates a number of reasons for their failure, namely: a 2-3 times decrease in the amount of sewage over the last 20 years; increase in aggressiveness of wastewater, decrease in flow rate and increase in rainfall. During operation beyond the regulatory term, the reinforced concrete vault of the tunnel is almost completely destroyed as a result of biogenic corrosion. The listed reasons for the destruction of sewage tunnels built more than 50 years ago are generally similar in nature. From the above, it follows that the specifics of the operation of sewer tunnels can be highlighted - the cross-section diameter is more than 1500 mm and the laying depth is more than 5-7 m. It should be noted that the sections of the tunnels at the points of connection with inspection shafts, as well as the structure of inspection shafts, experience the greatest corrosion. A significant role in the repair and restoration of water drainage structures is played by the selection of materials and structures capable of counteracting the aggressive effects of hydrogen sulfide and other gases. In Ukraine and abroad, considerable experience has been accumulated in the repair and restoration of drainage network structures using materials and structures with high acid and alkali resistance. Conducted research has shown that products based on basalt have a number of advantages: high strength, fairly low weight, reliability during operation in a wide temperature range, they are not prone to corrosion and have high chemical resistance. The experience of working with pneumatic formwork gives them special importance, because they ensure the following requirements:quick installation and dismantling of the formwork; the possibility of using it for curved spatial surfaces forms, even with large spans;multiple reversibility of the formwork. The technology for the construction of the vaulted part of the sewer tunnel with internal finishing with stone casting tiles involves the following stages:dismantling of emergency sections of the tunnel (vaults, walls);clearing the tray part of the tunnel;restoration of the section of the tunnel part of the tunnel (if the tunnel is destroyed);cleaning of the existing fittings to ensure the joint operation of the tray and the protective coating of the vault being erected;installation of pneumatic formwork for the construction of the tunnel vault with internal finishing with stone casting tiles;laying stone casting tiles;installation of the necessary fittings for the protective lining of the vault made of monolithic reinforced concrete;creation of inventory formwork;laying the concrete mixture of the monolithic part of the vault;dismantling of pneumatic and inventory formwork after gaining strength of concrete;backfilling of the trench with compaction. The main period of restoration of the observation shaft with the help of lining the walls with stone-cast basalt tiles: dismantling of floor slabs; cleaning of walls from corrosion products; injection of anti-corrosion concrete on a small filler of space at the junctions of the tunnel; reinforcement of the mine walls (in case of deep corrosion of the walls); facing the walls of the observation shaft with stone-cast basalt tiles; treatment of the inner surface of operational areas and stairs with anti-corrosion epoxy polyurethane compound "AQUAKHIM". To justify the feasibility of using the proposed technology, two options for restoring the destroyed tunnel were considered: the method using stone casting tiles; the method of replacing destroyed pipes with polyethylene ones (an open method of restoration with dismantling of the destroyed tunnel). The option of restoring the sewer tunnel using stone casting tiles is almost 3 times more economical and expedient in terms of the cost of materials compared to the use of SPIRO PE pipe. The advantage of restoring sewage tunnels in this way is the durability and resistance of this material to aggressive effects, a sufficient amount of natural material in the country, and low cost. Keywords: sewage tunnel, inspection shaft, basalt, pneumatic formwork, technological solutions, open method.
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