REDUCING THE RISKS OF EMERGENCIES AT THE FACILITIES OF THE UNITED INSTITUTIONS FEDERAL PENITENTIARY SERVICE OF RUSSIA

Global geopolitical and socio-economic changes taking place in the Russian Federation in recent years have led to significant changes in the number and structure of categories of persons held in various institutions of the Federal penitentiary service of Russia, which requires the search for new economically sound ways to optimize the costs of ensuring their targeted functioning and maintenance. The analysis of scientific, technical and regulatory domestic and foreign sources and documents has shown that one of the main directions of solving this problem can be the creation of enlarged institutions of the Federal penitentiary service, combining in a limited area a large number of multifunctional complex-structured objects interacting with each other with a special regime for the stay of numerous groups of people in them [1–4]. According to formal signs, such objects belong to the category of objects with a mass stay of people and require the implementation of a set of special measures to reduce the risks of emergencies and fires. The purpose of the work is to search, substantiate and develop new more effective means and methods of reducing the risks of emergency situations at promising facilities of the united institutions of the Federal penitentiary service of Russia. The methodological basis of the work was analysis, synthesis, statistical, system-structural methods, forecasting method. As a result of the conducted research, the need for the transition of the Federal penitentiary service of Russia to joint type institutions to develop new methods for reducing the risks of emergencies and fire risks in them based on digital models and BIM technology is justified. The article suggests approaches to reducing the risks of emergencies at promising special-purpose facilities of the Federal penitentiary service of Russia on the basis of intelligent consideration of functional features, structural and space-planning solutions of their individual components, as well as continuous monitoring of changes in fire load using digital models. The possibility of implementing these requirements within the framework of the development and implementation of a hardware and software complex of an intelligent warning system and evacuation management using digital BIM modeling technology is shown.