收入泄漏区域效应:巴西和智利疫情期间的供需冲击

Q3 Social Sciences Human Geographies Pub Date : 2023-10-05 DOI:10.3390/geographies3040034
Adelar Fochezatto, Eduardo Rodrigues Sanguinet, Patricia Batistela, Rodrigo Valdes
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引用次数: 1

摘要

在2019冠状病毒病大流行期间,各地区受到了多重经济危机的影响:需求疲软和供应受限。有几项研究试图分析供需冲击对劳动力市场、经济增长和环境的不同影响。这项研究有不同的重点,估计了巴西和智利在大流行期间采取的需求和供应冲击的直接和间接影响。随后,本文采用针对每个国家的区域间投入产出模型,比较了每一种冲击对收入的区域吸收(泄漏)程度。本研究结果表明,在供给冲击的情况下,最贫困地区的收入吸收相对更大。因此,可以说,这种类型的冲击改善了最贫穷地区产生的收入的保留,有利于这些地方的发展和减少区域不平等。造成这一结果的主要原因是供应政策在较小程度上限制了基本部门,而这些部门一般较少集中在巴西和智利的大城市中心。换句话说,大部分区域间的泄漏是由对非必需产品的需求驱动的,主要发生在最富裕的城市经济中心。最后,区域不平等的地理维度导致当冲击发生在脆弱地区时,该国繁荣地区的经济受益,突出了两国的中心-边缘格局。
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Income Leakage Regional Effects: Supply and Demand Shocks during the Pandemic in Brazil and Chile
During the COVID-19 pandemic, regions were affected by a combination of economic crises: weak demand and constrained supply. Several studies have sought to analyse the heterogeneous effects of supply and demand shocks on the labour market, economic growth, and the environment. This study has a different focus, estimating both direct and indirect effects of demand and supply shocks adopted during the pandemic in Brazil and Chile. Afterwards, the paper compares the degree of regional absorption (leakage) of income resulting from each of these shocks, applying an interregional input–output model for each country. The results of this study show that income absorption by the poorest regions is relatively greater in the case of a supply shock. It can be said, therefore, that this type of shock improves the retention of income generated in the poorest regions, favouring the development of these localities and the reduction in regional inequalities. The main reason for this result is that supply policies have restricted essential sectors to a lesser extent, and these sectors are generally less concentrated in large urban centres in both Brazil and Chile. In other words, much of the interregional leakage is driven by the demand for non-essential products, mainly in the richest urban economy centres. Finally, the geographical dimension of regional inequalities leads to the economic benefit of prosperous areas in the country when shocks occur in vulnerable regions, highlighting the centre–periphery pattern in both countries.
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来源期刊
Human Geographies
Human Geographies Social Sciences-Geography, Planning and Development
CiteScore
1.10
自引率
0.00%
发文量
7
审稿时长
8 weeks
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