Evaluation of traditional methods applied by mothers in infant care: A comparison between Turkish and Lebanese mothers.

Objective: Traditional practices for infants vary across communities and may sometimes pose risks to infant health. Healthcare professionals must be aware of these practices during infant- child visits. This study aims to investigate the traditional practices of Turkish and Lebanese mothers on infants, explore the relationship between these practices and compare the similarities and differences between the two cultures. Methods: This study was a cross-sectional survey involving Turkish and Lebanese mothers living in Istanbul. Data was collected through face-to-face interviews using a questionnaire inquiring about sociodemographic information about the family, general information about the baby, and traditional practices performed by the mothers. Statistically, Pearson's chi-square test, Fisher's Exact test, and independent t-test were applied. Results: The study included 382 mothers, comprising 200 who were Turkish and 182 who were Lebanese. In both groups, the proportion of mothers who received information about infant care was approximately 90%. The most common source of information was the internet in both groups, 35% (63) of Turkish and 53.2% (92) of Lebanese mothers used the internet as a source of information. The second source of data used for baby care were the family elders in the Lebanese mothers (28%), and the health personnel in the Turkish mothers (24%). Turkish mothers practised celebrating the fortieth day, salting, using amber necklaces for teething, and giving pacifiers more frequently than Lebanese mothers. In the case of jaundice, Turkish mothers frequently breastfeed, while Lebanese mothers consult a doctor. The use of potentially risky practices is rare in both groups. No significant relationship was found between maternal education levels and the use of traditional practices. Conclusion: This study highlights the widespread use of traditional practices among both Turkish and Lebanese mothers during child-rearing. The study's results could inform health strategies to reduce the prevalence of potentially risky traditional practices among mothers and promote adopting safe, evidence-based child-rearing practices.