医护人员对乙型肝炎病毒的知识、态度和做法:利比里亚蒙特塞拉多县一项以医院为基础的横断面研究

Bluefin Masell Freeman, Sampson Chea, Bode Ireti Shobayo
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引用次数: 0

摘要

预防对于防止乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)感染的传播至关重要。卫生保健工作者(HCWs)关于该疾病的知识、态度和做法在其预防或传播中发挥着重要作用,但在这方面,利比里亚的数据仍然很少。因此,有必要确定医护人员对HBV感染的知识、态度和实践(KAP)水平。在蒙罗维亚两个主要卫生设施的251名卫生保健员中进行了一项以医院为基础的描述性横断面研究。使用标准化结构化问卷评估HBV的KAP。结果采用人口统计学特征的描述性统计、分类变量的百分比和连续变量的平均值±标准差进行分析。采用Kruskal Wallis检验,p < 0.05进行统计学推断。248人完整资料,平均年龄36.3±8.9岁,年龄在30 ~ 39岁之间的占45.82%。虽然在所有类别问题的回答中都观察到知识不足,但对HBV传播问题的正确回答率为41.93 - 99.19%,对HBV预防措施的正确回答率为98.79 - 100%。约77.8%和90.32%的受访者强烈认为,乙型肝炎是一种主要的公共卫生威胁,遵守感染控制指南将保护他们在工作中免受乙型肝炎病毒感染。超过一半(60.08%)的受访对象有针刺伤史,分别有48.79%、53.62%和27.01%的受访对象使用清水和肥皂清洗损伤部位、对伤口进行消毒、检查患者是否有血源性疾病。本研究结果表明,卫生保健工作者对HBV感染的KAP水平不足。因此,除了举办关于感染预防和控制(IPC)最佳做法的讲习班和在职培训外,还应定期为卫生保健员开展关于在医院预防乙型肝炎病毒感染措施的宣传活动。
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Knowledge, attitude, and practice towards hepatitis B virus among healthcare workers: a cross-sectional, hospital-based study in Montserrado County, Liberia
Prevention is critical in safeguarding against the spread of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. The knowledge, attitudes, and practices of healthcare workers (HCWs) regarding the disease play an important role in its prevention or spread, yet in this regard, data in Liberia remains scarce. Hence, determining the Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices (KAP) level of HCWs toward HBV infection becomes necessary. A descriptive cross-sectional hospital-based study was conducted among 251 HCWs at two major health facilities in Monrovia. KAP regarding HBV was assessed using a standardized structured questionnaire. Results were analyzed using descriptive statistics for demographic characteristics, percentages for categorical variables, and mean ± standard deviation for continuous variables. Kruskal Wallis test, p < 0.05, was used to derive statistical inferences. Complete data from 248 respondents showed a mean age of 36.3 ± 8.9 years with most respondents were within 30-39 age range (45.82%). While poor knowledge was observed in responses to all categories of questions, correct response rates to questions range from 41.93 - 99.19% for transmission of HBV, to 98.79 - 100% for preventive measures of HBV. About 77.8% and 90.32% of study respondents strongly agreed that hepatitis B is a major public health threat and that following infection control guidelines will protect them from being infected with HBV at work respectively. More than half of the participants (60.08%) had a history of needle-stick injury (NSI), and washing the injury site with water and soap, sterilizing the wound, and checking whether the patient has a blood-borne disease was done by 48.79%, 53.62% and 27.01% of the respondents respectively. Findings from this study show that there is an inadequate level of KAP regarding HBV infection among the HCWs. It therefore is expedient to conduct regular awareness campaigns for HCWs on preventive measures against HBV infection in hospitals, in addition to workshops and in-service trainings on infection prevention and control (IPC) best practices.
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