Sebastian F. Baumbach, Fabian Spindler, Wolfgang Böcker, Hans Polzer
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Syndesmotic Malreduction Prevention, Assessment, and Treatment
Syndesmotic instability or malreduction is an independent risk factor for an impaired patient-rated outcome. If a syndesmotic injury is suspected, a stepwise diagnostic approach including plane radiographs, MRI, and bilateral stress radiographs should be conducted to differentiate stable from latent unstable and frank diastasis cases. The basic requirement for any surgical treatment approach is a stable and anatomically reduced distal tibio-fibula joint. The best treatment approach for a 2-ligament injury (anterior inferior tibio-fibular ligament [AiTFL] + interosseous ligament [IOL]) seems to be the suture-button system, for a 3-ligament injury (AiTFL + IOL + posterior inferior tibio-fibular ligament), 2 fixation devices.
期刊介绍：
Foot and Ankle Clinics updates you on the latest trends in orthopedic patient management, keeps you up to date on the newest surgical advances, and provides a sound basis for choosing treatment options. Published four times a year—in March, June, September, and December—each issue focuses on a single topic in foot and ankle surgery, from fractures, dislocations, sprains, and amputations, through arthritis, nerve disorders, and congenital deformities. Foot and Ankle Clinics has been edited by Mark S. Myerson, one of the world''s foremost experts on foot and ankle reconstruction and injury, since 1995.
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