Antioxidant Activity and Irritation Potency of Face Tonic Formulation from Ethanol Fraction of Sappan Wood (Caesalpinia sappan L.)

Sappan wood is a medicinal plant that contains phenolic compounds such as brazilin. It can be used to treat photoaging due to oxidative stress. Face tonic is one type of facial skin care cosmetic that has this purpose. The research aims to determine the formula, IC50 value, and irritation potency of face tonic from the ethanol fraction of sappan wood. The ethanol fraction of sappan wood was formulated into a face tonic preparation using glycerin and propylene glycol as cosolvents. The evaluation of face tonic involved antioxidant activity using the DPPH method. Meanwhile, the irritation-potential test was conducted using the HET-CAM method. The results showed that face tonic formulas had an antioxidant activity with IC50 values of 639.904 ppm (FI) and 620.365 ppm (FII). The irritation score of each formula was 0 (non-irritant) and 5.44 (moderate irritant). Face tonic with glycerin as a cosolvent has antioxidant activity and is safe to use.