三级医院普通外科手术部位感染及相关危险因素的横断面研究

V. Trrisha, A. Shilpa, B.M. Rupakala, S.A. Lakshminarayana
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摘要

背景:手术部位感染(SSI)仍然是医院获得性感染的主要原因,在世界范围内引起发病率和死亡率。在发展中国家,5.6%的外科手术将产生ssi。多药耐药菌的日益流行使这些问题进一步复杂化。相关的危险因素也在ssi的发生中起作用。然而,识别导致或预测这些ssi的因素仍然是一个重要的研究领域。目的:探讨感染SSI的危险因素,鉴定病原菌及其药敏情况。方法和患者:对在一家三级护理中心接受手术的143例患者进行了横断面研究。只有清洁和清洁污染类别的手术被纳入研究。采用阳性培养法测定SSI,采用Kirby-Bauer圆盘扩散法测定耐药模式。结果:在143例25种不同手术方式中,4例因大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌引起SSI。糖尿病、肥胖和吸烟是这些病例的相关危险因素。结论:SSI的预防是复杂的,需要术前、术中、术后综合采取一系列预防措施。
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A Study on Surgical Site Infections and Associated Risk Factors in General Surgeries at a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Cross-Sectional Study
Background: Surgical site infections (SSI) remain a major cause of hospital-acquired infections, causing morbidity and mortality worldwide. In developing countries, 5.6% of surgical procedures will develop SSIs. These are further complicated by an increasing prevalence of multidrug-resistant organisms. Associated risk factors also play a role in contribution of SSIs. However, the identification of factors that cause or predict these SSIs remains an important area of research. Objective: To investigate the risk factors for SSI together with the identification of the aetiological bacterial agents and their antimicrobial susceptibility. Methods and Patients: A cross-sectional study was carried out on 143 patients who underwent surgery in a single tertiary care centre. Only the surgeries falling under clean and clean-contaminated categories were included in the study. SSI was determined by positive bacterial culture, and resistant pattern was determined by Kirby–Bauer disc diffusion method. Results: Out of 25 different surgical procedures in 143 cases, four cases developed SSI due to Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Diabetes, obesity, and smoking were the associated risk factors in these cases. Conclusion: Prevention of SSI is complex and requires the integration of a range of preventive measures before, during, and after surgery.
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