Modeling a Square Slotted Antenna for 5G Applications using an Equivalent Circuit Approach

The emergence of 5G technology is expected to significantly impact high-bandwidth wireless applications, making efficient antenna designs essential. This research paper presents an equivalent circuit for a square-slotted patch antenna design for 5G cellular applications. Indeed, the equivalent circuit for an antenna can be represented by a simple circuit model, such as a resonant LC circuit or a transmission line model. These models can be used to determine the resonance frequency, bandwidth, and radiation pattern of the antenna. Matching networks can also be designed using the equivalent circuit to match the antenna and receiver impedances. This analysis of the antenna can offer valuable insights into its behavior, serving as a foundation for a more extensive investigation. The antenna has been designed and simulated on an FR4 substrate featuring a relative permittivity  r of 4.3, and it is sized at 4.5  5.2  0.3 mm 3 . In the proposed design, a 50  microstrip line feeds a square-slotted radiating patch, and power dividers join the two elements. As part of 5G technology, it is crucial to achieve high bandwidth with reduced losses and improved gains. This study employs AWR and HFSS to simulate and design the square-slotted microstrip patch antenna, and in terms of gain and S 11 , the results are compared. The proposed design has the potential to contribute to the development of high-performance 5G antenna systems.