CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, ANTIOXIDANTS AND SUGARS IN WHITE MULBERRY FRUITS

: The fruits of white mulberry are widespread fruit in Egypt and are eaten by most people with acceptable taste, so we tried in this research to show the chemical composition of the fruits and the effectiveness of white mulberry as an antioxidant and also know the quality of the polysaccharide that is found in white mulberry and study the properties of sugar many in terms of the quality of the structural units involved in the composition and effective groups of its molecular weight and also its ability as an antioxidant and to achieve this purpose we have collected the fruits of white mulberry from The local market of the city of Zagazig was washed and dried and then grinding and storage in appropriate conditions of temperature (4°C) and the chemical composition of moisture, total ash, crude protein, crude fat, fiber and carbohydrates was estimated by the difference and the results were as follows as a percentage of the dry sample of white mulberry fruits (12.02 - 14.42 - 21 - 4.83 - 15 - 59.75) respectively. Total phenols and total flavonoids were estimated through two types of extracts, aqueous extract and alcoholic extract to determine the effectiveness of white mulberry fruiting as an antioxidant, where the results were (23.5–13.9 mg gallic acid/gram total phenolat extract aqueous and alcoholic extract respectively As for the total flavonoids, the results were (1.43 – 2.54 mg Quercetin /gram aqueous and alcoholic extract, respectively, and finally. The antioxidant activity of white mulberry fruits was estimated by DPPH method and the results obtained were (6.66 – 1.97 mg vitamin C/gram aqueous and alcoholic extract respectively. The sugar was separated from many white mulberry fruits and purified and it became clear from the results to obtain two types of sugar many in the fruits of white mulberry differ in molecular weight and also in the type of structural units involved in the composition where the molecular weight sugar was reached 1.25 x 10 4 - 5.29 x 10 4 Dalton and called them fraction 1 and fraction 2 respectively The quality of monosaccharide was glucose – Mannose - Arabenose - fructose - Mannuronic acid in fractions WMP1 or fraction WMP2 It contains the following structural units (glucose - galactose - arabinose - manuuronic acid acid) Through the results obtained from the HPLC device, the quality of the effective groups in polysaccharide fractions in white mulberry fruits was also identified through the infrared spectrum, which showed peaks appear in 1728 - 1619.2 - 3345.6 cm -1 for samples Which indicates the presence of the CH 2 group and the C=O group hydroxyl group, respectively. Through the results obtained, we can say that the consumption of white mulberry fruits provides the human body with natural antioxidant compounds and also a high content of protein, salts and total carbohydrates.