Electronic properties of BZT nano-ceramic grades at low frequency region

BZT ceramics was prepared by using fine powder mixture of BaCO3, TiO2 and ZrO2 in the respective molar ratio to form Ba(Zr0.10Ti0.90)O3 via solid state reaction at elevated temperature. The prepared BZT was milled in the planetary ball mill from 0-120 min to achieve different powder grades from micron to nano-sized particles. After the powder characterization by XRD and SEM the samples were pressed in disc shape and sintered at different temperatures from 1100-1350?C in the air. The sintered samples were characterized by SEM and their density and average grain size was determined and presented vs. sintering temperature and powder grades (milling time). After that the silver epoxy electrodes were deposited on sintered disc samples. The disc samples capacity and resistivity were measured at low frequency region from 1 Hz to 200 kHz using low frequency impedance analyzer. The sintering temperatures and powder grades were used as parameters. Finally the specific resistance ?, dielectric constant (?' + j?") and tg? where determined from the impedance measurements. The behavior of electronic properties where analyzed e.g. the relaxation effect of the space charge (inter-granular electric charges) vs. sintering temperature and ceramic grades. The results obtained were compared with best literature data for the losses in BZT ceramics at low frequencies.