Fifth-Time Redo Mitral Valve Replacement via Right Thoracotomy under Systemic Hyperkalemia Cardiopulmonary Bypass without Aortic Cross-clamp

The surgical management of prosthetic valvular endocarditis (PVE) can be challenging. We report a case of a 46-year-old female patient who had a history of four cardiac operations. We chose a mitral valve replacement via right thoracotomy to enables optimal exposure of mitral valve (MV). Because of multi-reoperations, we employed systemic hyperkalemia for cardiac arrest to protect heart during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) without aortic cross-clamping. Here, we present a complex operation that performed management of CPB under hyperkalemia and the patient had a good postoperative recovery.