热带气旋涡旋倾斜与降水结构、强度变化关系的观测分析

IF 2.8 3区 地球科学 Q3 METEOROLOGY & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES Monthly Weather Review Pub Date : 2023-10-31 DOI:10.1175/mwr-d-23-0089.1
Michael S. Fischer, Robert F. Rogers, Paul D. Reasor, Jason P. Dunion
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引用次数: 0

摘要

摘要本研究利用最新开发的机载多普勒雷达数据库,探讨涡旋失调与热带气旋(TC)降水结构和强度变化的关系。研究发现,对于相对弱的TC(这里定义为峰值10米风小于等于65 kt的风暴),旋涡倾斜的大小与随后的TC强度变化率密切相关,尤其是在接下来的12-36 h内。对于强TC(定义为峰值10米风大于65 kt的风暴),旋涡倾斜大小与TC强度变化的相关性较弱。在此基础上,本文重点研究了弱温带气旋涡旋倾斜与温带气旋降水结构和强度变化的关系。为了说明TC降水结构与涡旋失调程度的关系,将弱TC分为小倾斜和大倾斜两组。在大倾角TC中,风暴表现出较大的最大风半径,降水结构不对称,对流层中TC中心附近对流发生频率高于对流层下TC中心。另一方面,小倾斜的tc在相对较小的最大风半径内表现出更大的降水面积覆盖。更高的TC增强率,包括快速增强,显示优先发生在垂直方向更大的TC和相对有利环境中的风暴。
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An Observational Analysis of the Relationship between Tropical Cyclone Vortex Tilt, Precipitation Structure, and Intensity Change
Abstract This study uses a recently-developed airborne Doppler radar database to explore how vortex misalignment is related to tropical cyclone (TC) precipitation structure and intensity change. It is found that for relatively weak TCs, defined here as storms with a peak 10-m wind of 65 kt or less, the magnitude of vortex tilt is closely linked to the rate of subsequent TC intensity change, especially over the next 12–36 h. In strong TCs, defined as storms with a peak 10-m wind greater than 65 kt, vortex tilt magnitude is only weakly correlated with TC intensity change. Based on these findings, this study focuses on how vortex tilt is related to TC precipitation structure and intensity change in weak TCs. To illustrate how the TC precipitation structure is related to the magnitude of vortex misalignment, weak TCs are divided into two groups: small-tilt and large-tilt TCs. In large-tilt TCs, storms display a relatively large radius of maximum wind, the precipitation structure is asymmetric, and convection occurs more frequently near the mid-tropospheric TC center than the lower-tropospheric TC center. Alternatively, small-tilt TCs exhibit a greater areal coverage of precipitation inward of a relatively small radius of maximum wind. Greater rates of TC intensification, including rapid intensification, are shown to occur preferentially for TCs with greater vertical alignment and storms in relatively favorable environments.
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来源期刊
Monthly Weather Review
Monthly Weather Review 地学-气象与大气科学
CiteScore
6.40
自引率
12.50%
发文量
186
审稿时长
3-6 weeks
期刊介绍: Monthly Weather Review (MWR) (ISSN: 0027-0644; eISSN: 1520-0493) publishes research relevant to the analysis and prediction of observed atmospheric circulations and physics, including technique development, data assimilation, model validation, and relevant case studies. This research includes numerical and data assimilation techniques that apply to the atmosphere and/or ocean environments. MWR also addresses phenomena having seasonal and subseasonal time scales.
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