人染色体组成异染色质的表征。

A Babu, R S Verma
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引用次数: 37

摘要

在限制性内切酶AluI和HaeIII处理后,采用CBG、G-11、distamycin A + 4,6-二氨基-2-苯基吲哚-2- hcl (DA/DAPI)、荧光染料D287/170和Giemsa染色等多种选择性染色技术对人类染色体的组成异染色质进行了评价。根据c波段不同区域表达的染色谱,本构异染色质可以任意分为至少7种类型。1、5、7、9、13-18和20-22号染色体的近中心点c带包含不止一种类型的染色质,其中1号染色体的异质性程度最高。染色体3和4在其c带中显示相对不一致的异质组分。10、19和Y染色体的c带不具有很大的异质性,但与其他限制性内切酶方法具有特征模式。染色体2、6、8、11、12和X仅用CBG技术染色均质带。在c带较小的染色体中,18号染色体在c带抗AluI部分的大小和位置(反转)上表现出频繁的异型变异。对不同类型的异染色质与特定的卫星和非卫星DNA序列的分析表明,染色谱可能与序列多样性有关。
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Characterization of human chromosomal constitutive heterochromatin.

The constitutive heterochromatin of human chromosomes is evaluated by various selective staining techniques, i.e., CBG, G-11, distamycin A plus 4,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole-2-HCl (DA/DAPI), the fluorochrome D287/170, and Giemsa staining following the treatments with restriction endonucleases AluI and HaeIII. It is suggested that the constitutive heterochromatin could be arbitrarily divided into at least seven types depending on the staining profiles expressed by different regions of C-bands. The pericentromeric C-bands of chromosomes 1, 5, 7, 9, 13-18, and 20-22 consist of more than one type of chromatin, of which chromosome 1 presents the highest degree of heterogeneity. Chromosomes 3 and 4 show relatively less consistent heterogeneous fractions in their C-bands. The C-bands of chromosomes 10, 19, and the Y do not have much heterogeneity but have characteristic patterns with other methods using restriction endonucleases. Chromosomes 2, 6, 8, 11, 12, and X have homogeneous bands stained by the CBG technique only. Among the chromosomes with smaller pericentric C-bands, chromosome 18 shows frequent heteromorphic variants for the size and position (inversions) of the AluI resistant fraction of C-band. The analysis of various types of heterochromatin with respect to specific satellite and nonsatellite DNA sequences suggest that the staining profiles are probably related to sequence diversity.

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