不平等和再分配:来自斯堪的纳维亚和地中海国家的证据

IF 2.5 3区 经济学 Q2 ECONOMICS Applied Economic Analysis Pub Date : 2023-11-02 DOI:10.1108/aea-06-2023-0201
Oscar Claveria, Petar Sorić
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引用次数: 0

摘要

本文的目的是调查1980-2021年期间收入不平等变化后斯堪的纳维亚和地中海国家政府再分配政策的调整。作者首先建立了收入不平等和再分配之间随时间变化的动态模型,然后使用非线性框架来测试它们之间长期关系中不对称和协整的存在。作者使用了两种互补的不平等指标——收入最高的百分位持有者的总收入份额和收入最高的十分位持有者的总收入份额除以收入最低的50%的收入——并计算了再分配作为税收和转移支付之前和之后两个不平等指标之间的差异。作者发现,收入不平等与再分配之间的关系大多是正相关的,并且是随时间变化的。总体而言,作者还发现证据表明,不平等加剧对再分配措施的影响大于不平等减少的影响。最后,作者在除丹麦和西班牙外的所有国家获得了这两个变量之间显著的长期关系。这些结果适用于斯堪的纳维亚和地中海国家。据作者所知,这是第一篇解释非线性潜在存在的论文,并使用其他收入不平等指标来检查再分配政策调整对收入不平等加剧的不对称性。
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Inequality and redistribution: evidence from Scandinavian and Mediterranean countries
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the adjustment of government redistributive policies in Scandinavian and Mediterranean countries following changes in income inequality over the period 1980–2021. Design/methodology/approach The authors first modelled the time-varying dynamics between income inequality and redistribution and then used a non-linear framework to test for the existence of asymmetries and cointegration in their long-run relationship. The authors used two complementary measures of inequality – the share of total income accruing to top percentile income holders and the ratio of the share of total income accruing to top decile income holders divided by that accumulated by the bottom 50% – and computed redistribution as the difference between the two inequality indicators before and after taxes and transfers. Findings The authors found that the sign of the relationship between income inequality and redistribution is mostly positive and time-varying. Overall, the authors also found evidence that the impact of increases in inequality on redistributive measures is higher than that of decreases. Finally, the authors obtained a significant long-run relationship between both variables in all countries except Denmark and Spain. These results hold for both Scandinavian and Mediterranean countries. Originality/value To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first paper to account for the potential existence of non-linearities and to examine the asymmetries in the adjustment of redistributive policies to increases in income inequality using alternative income inequality metrics.
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来源期刊
Applied Economic Analysis
Applied Economic Analysis Economics, Econometrics and Finance-Economics, Econometrics and Finance (all)
CiteScore
3.50
自引率
4.30%
发文量
5
审稿时长
8 weeks
期刊最新文献
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