充油聚酰胺零件工艺研究

V. S. Bychkovskiy
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摘要

这项工作开发了一种技术,可以提高成品聚酰胺部件表层的操作性能,从而在不影响其承载能力的情况下提高耐磨性。为了研究聚酰胺-6样品与机油和己烷混合物的浸渍,根据使用实验室单元开发的算法进行了全面的实验研究。在工作中,控制板的程序代码被用于与PowerGraph软件一起操作,以处理所获取的数据。在研究过程中,为了在短时间内均匀加热并去除聚合物中的水分,我们选择了在高频电场(高达2500 Hz)下对尺寸为4x50x50 mm的样品进行干燥的方法。达西定律描述了聚酰胺浸渍油的过程。为了提高浸渍效率,降低填料粘度,确定了填料的最佳组成:M-8B发动机油与己烷的混合物,比例分别为8:2 ~ 4:6。通过引入控制板和传感器来测量聚酰胺样品的阳极电流强度和温度,开发了基于utp -2500设备的设置并实现了自动化。此外,该装置还内置了一个调节装置,其功率为高频发电机,工作电流范围为0.25-0.35 a。在加工模式下(聚酰胺样品温度为75℃;混合物中己烷含量为40%),建立了通过关闭高频发生器700 Ms来控制干燥温度的方法。研究结果允许在已知浸渍率值下,在摩擦单元中操作的聚酰胺部件充油到给定深度的新工艺。这些结果可以帮助提高耐磨性,从而提高铁路货车中暴露于摩擦和磨损的成品聚酰胺部件的表面层的使用寿命。
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Technological study of oil-filled polyamide parts
The work develops a technology that provides an increase in the operational properties of the surface layer of finished polyamide parts in order to increase wear resistance without affecting their load-bearing capacity. To study the impregnation of a polyamide-6 sample with a mixture of motor oil and hexane, full-scale experimental research was carried out following the algorithm developed using a laboratory unit. In the work, the program code for the control board was used that operates in conjunction with the PowerGraph software for processing the acquired data. During the study, a method for drying samples with the dimensions of 4x50x50 mm in a high-frequency electric field (up to 2500 Hz) was selected in order to heat and remove moisture from the polymer evenly within a short period. Darcy's law describing the process of impregnating polyamide with oil was used. In order to increase the efficiency of impregnation and reduce the viscosity of the filler, its optimal composition was determined: a mixture of M-8B engine oil and hexane at a ratio from 8:2 to 4:6, respectively. A setup based on the UZP-2500 device was developed and automated by introducing a control board and sensors to measure the strength of the anode current and temperature of a polyamide sample. In addition, a regulating device with the power of a high-frequency generator operating in the current range of 0.25–0.35 A was built into the unit. Under the processing modes (the temperature of the polyamide sample is 75°C; the hexane content in the mixture is 40%), a method for controlling the drying temperature was established by switching off the high-frequency generator for 700 ms. The research results allow a new technological process of oil filling in polyamide parts operated in friction units to a given depth at known values of the impregnation rate to be developed. These results can help to increase the wear resistance and, consequently, the service life of the surface layer of finished polyamide parts used in railway wagon trucks exposed to friction and wear.
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