多代人的创伤:它不是由你开始的,但必须由你结束

Pallerla Srikanth, Amulya Pusapati
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MGT can be transmitted as hushed, concealed, and undefined, surfacing through involuntarily, or implied through someone’s life. The MGT may stem from personal trauma such as child abuse or domestic abuse. The other causes could be drug addiction or alcohol addiction or any substance addiction, child neglect, refugees, war-related trauma, and other natural disasters.[2] Untreated mental illness and other significant social issues such as poverty, unemployment, homelessness, and child labor also cause for the MGT. The MGT occurs when parents unintentionally pass their trauma down to their children. Negative psych of abuse can lead to repeated traumas from generation to generation, if parents have unresolved traumas, they may develop negative coping mechanisms and they pass onto their children. Trauma can also be passed down through your genes; specifically through epigenetics is the way that your genetic code is expressed. It is very crucial to identify and seek appropriate help from the health-care professionals to address the issues associated with the traumas, and thus, it can prevent the MGT. Otherwise which not only affects the survivor psychosocial-vocational functioning adversely but also the next generations. The impact of MGT can be at various levels such as individual, family, and community level. At individual level, the effects would be developing anxiety, depression, insomnia, anger, and fear. It can impact on the self-esteem and efficacy of the survivor, and it can impact on the social functioning and vocational functioning of the trauma survivor. They tend to be isolated themselves from the community and high levels of the social withdrawal behavior will be noticed. The individuals who experience MGT are at high risk of developing the behavioral, emotional problems, and substance abuse. The behavioral problems are frequent lying, truancy, physical aggression, trust issues, and self-injurious behavior. The emotional problems are such as isolation, sadness, helplessness, anxiety, and hopelessness. The MGT can be impacted on the family level as well, and the effects would be continued financial constraints, high noise levels in the family, and poor cohesiveness among the family members. The MGT can even impact on the societies such as inequality in socioeconomic condition, decline in the economic growth, social development, and compromise in delivering the social welfare activities. Considering the impact of MGT among individuals and their families, it is important to explore their psychosocial vocational needs. Providing the tailor-made psychosocial interventions to the survivors timely is the need of the hour. MGT has compounding exponential effect on families and their well-being; hence, preventing the multigenerational transmission of trauma is essential. Preventive strategies include providing interventions at individual, family, and community levels which requires a multisystemic approach.[3] Both the trauma survivors and their children will be benefitted from the following psychosocial interventions which have mentioned in Table 1.Table 1: Psychosocial interventions for the trauma survivorsThus, for both the individuals and their families who are experiencing the MGT, their well-being can be improved with psycho-social interventions. These interventions also enhances their psychological, social, and vocational functioning, and reduces the impact of trauma on the upcoming generations. Financial support and sponsorship Nil. 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It can impact on the self-esteem and efficacy of the survivor, and it can impact on the social functioning and vocational functioning of the trauma survivor. They tend to be isolated themselves from the community and high levels of the social withdrawal behavior will be noticed. The individuals who experience MGT are at high risk of developing the behavioral, emotional problems, and substance abuse. The behavioral problems are frequent lying, truancy, physical aggression, trust issues, and self-injurious behavior. The emotional problems are such as isolation, sadness, helplessness, anxiety, and hopelessness. The MGT can be impacted on the family level as well, and the effects would be continued financial constraints, high noise levels in the family, and poor cohesiveness among the family members. 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引用次数: 0

摘要

亲爱的先生,人们经常在生命周期的各个阶段遇到这样或那样的创伤,却没有意识到它会如何影响他们的生活,以及其他几代人。创伤从幸存者传递给他们的孩子,随后也影响到下一代。因此,创伤的影响可以跨越几代人存在被称为多代创伤(MGT)。因此,这种MGT影响不仅限于当前这一代。[1]这也被称为代际或跨代创伤。许多事情会从那些直接经历过创伤的人那里代代相传,也可以遗传。它可以影响创伤幸存者的各个领域,如生物、心理、社会和职业功能。MGT的传播方式可以是悄无声息的、隐蔽的、不明确的,可以是不自觉地出现的,也可以是通过某人的生活暗示出来的。MGT可能源于个人创伤,如虐待儿童或家庭虐待。其他原因可能是吸毒成瘾、酗酒成瘾或任何物质成瘾、忽视儿童、难民、战争创伤和其他自然灾害。[2]未经治疗的精神疾病和其他重大的社会问题,如贫穷、失业、无家可归和童工,也是造成MGT的原因。当父母无意中将他们的创伤传递给孩子时,就会发生MGT。消极的虐待心理会导致一代又一代的重复创伤,如果父母有未解决的创伤,他们可能会发展出消极的应对机制,并将其传递给孩子。创伤也可以通过基因传递;具体来说,通过表观遗传学是你的遗传密码表达的方式。确定并寻求保健专业人员的适当帮助以解决与创伤有关的问题是非常重要的,因此,它可以预防MGT。否则,这不仅会对幸存者的心理社会职业功能产生不利影响,而且会对下一代产生不利影响。管理gt的影响可以在不同的层面,如个人、家庭和社区层面。在个人层面上,影响将是发展焦虑,抑郁,失眠,愤怒和恐惧。它会影响幸存者的自尊和效能,也会影响创伤幸存者的社会功能和职业功能。他们倾向于将自己从社区中孤立出来,并且会出现高度的社会退缩行为。经历过管理gt的人有很高的风险出现行为、情感问题和药物滥用。行为问题是经常说谎、逃学、身体攻击、信任问题和自残行为。情感问题包括孤立、悲伤、无助、焦虑和绝望。MGT也会影响到家庭层面,其影响将是持续的经济拮据,家庭中的高噪音水平,以及家庭成员之间的凝聚力差。MGT甚至会对社会经济状况的不平等、经济增长和社会发展的下降、社会福利活动的妥协等产生影响。考虑到管理gt对个人及其家庭的影响,探索他们的心理职业需求是很重要的。及时为幸存者提供量身定制的心理社会干预是当务之急。管理gt对家庭及其幸福感具有复合指数效应;因此,防止创伤的多代传递至关重要。预防策略包括在个人、家庭和社区层面提供干预措施,这需要多系统的方法。[3]创伤幸存者及其子女都将受益于表1中提到的下列心理社会干预措施。表1:对创伤幸存者的心理社会干预因此,对于正在经历管理gt的个人及其家庭来说,他们的幸福感可以通过心理社会干预得到改善。这些干预措施还增强了他们的心理、社会和职业功能,并减少了创伤对下一代的影响。财政支持及赞助无。利益冲突没有利益冲突。
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Multigenerational trauma: It did not start with you, but it must end with you
Dear Sir, People often encounter some or other traumas across their life cycle stages and not aware of how it could affect their life, other generations. The transmission of trauma from the survivors to their children subsequently affects the next generations as well. Thus, the impact of the trauma that can exist across the generations is called multi-generational trauma (MGT). Hence this MGT impact is not only restricted to the current generation.[1] This is also called intergenerational or transgenerational trauma. Many things get passed down through families subsequent generations from those who directly experience trauma, and it can be inherited too. It can impact on various domains among the trauma survivors such as biological, psychological, social, and vocational functioning. MGT can be transmitted as hushed, concealed, and undefined, surfacing through involuntarily, or implied through someone’s life. The MGT may stem from personal trauma such as child abuse or domestic abuse. The other causes could be drug addiction or alcohol addiction or any substance addiction, child neglect, refugees, war-related trauma, and other natural disasters.[2] Untreated mental illness and other significant social issues such as poverty, unemployment, homelessness, and child labor also cause for the MGT. The MGT occurs when parents unintentionally pass their trauma down to their children. Negative psych of abuse can lead to repeated traumas from generation to generation, if parents have unresolved traumas, they may develop negative coping mechanisms and they pass onto their children. Trauma can also be passed down through your genes; specifically through epigenetics is the way that your genetic code is expressed. It is very crucial to identify and seek appropriate help from the health-care professionals to address the issues associated with the traumas, and thus, it can prevent the MGT. Otherwise which not only affects the survivor psychosocial-vocational functioning adversely but also the next generations. The impact of MGT can be at various levels such as individual, family, and community level. At individual level, the effects would be developing anxiety, depression, insomnia, anger, and fear. It can impact on the self-esteem and efficacy of the survivor, and it can impact on the social functioning and vocational functioning of the trauma survivor. They tend to be isolated themselves from the community and high levels of the social withdrawal behavior will be noticed. The individuals who experience MGT are at high risk of developing the behavioral, emotional problems, and substance abuse. The behavioral problems are frequent lying, truancy, physical aggression, trust issues, and self-injurious behavior. The emotional problems are such as isolation, sadness, helplessness, anxiety, and hopelessness. The MGT can be impacted on the family level as well, and the effects would be continued financial constraints, high noise levels in the family, and poor cohesiveness among the family members. The MGT can even impact on the societies such as inequality in socioeconomic condition, decline in the economic growth, social development, and compromise in delivering the social welfare activities. Considering the impact of MGT among individuals and their families, it is important to explore their psychosocial vocational needs. Providing the tailor-made psychosocial interventions to the survivors timely is the need of the hour. MGT has compounding exponential effect on families and their well-being; hence, preventing the multigenerational transmission of trauma is essential. Preventive strategies include providing interventions at individual, family, and community levels which requires a multisystemic approach.[3] Both the trauma survivors and their children will be benefitted from the following psychosocial interventions which have mentioned in Table 1.Table 1: Psychosocial interventions for the trauma survivorsThus, for both the individuals and their families who are experiencing the MGT, their well-being can be improved with psycho-social interventions. These interventions also enhances their psychological, social, and vocational functioning, and reduces the impact of trauma on the upcoming generations. Financial support and sponsorship Nil. Conflicts of interest There are no conflicts of interest.
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