Performance Evaluation of Photovoltaic Thermal Collector (PVT) by Cooling Using Nano Fluid in the Climate Condiation of India

The hybrid PVT collector is built to deliver simultaneously using heat energy and electrical current. The overall efficiency increases with increased heat removal, lowering the cell temperature. The current study investigates the effect on heat removal rate using copper nanoparticles dissipated in volume fractions of 2% and 3% with pure water. Using mathematical modeling is constructed from the heat balance equation in different components of the PVT collector. It is found that as the volume concentration increases, the electrical performance is also increased. Average electrical efficiencies are 14.5%, 14.8%, 16.8%, and thermal efficiency are 30.59%, 27.32%, and 21.27% for summer, winter, and monsoon seasons, climatic conditions of the city Ujjain of India, respectively.