System-Level Impingement Cooling with Cryogens

System-level impingement cooling with cryogens has potential thermal applications in size-constrained, weight-constrained, and power-constrained or low-atmosphere environments by utilizing a phase change for enhanced heat transfer at cryogenic temperatures. In this work, an experiment capable of measuring the heat and mass flow of liquid nitrogen jets for variable impingement surface temperatures, mass flow rates, and jet geometries is developed. A boiling curve and other performance metrics are produced. A critical heat flux of approximately [Formula: see text] is observed.