Enhanced Campus Security Target Detection Using a Refined YOLOv7 Approach

In many educational institutions, safety management traditionally depends upon manual video surveillance, leading to potential delays in the identification and alerting of perilous activities, notably the possession of controlled knives and smoking behaviors exhibited by students. These activities possess significant consequences for both the psychological and physical well-being of students. Recognizing this pressing need, an augmented object detection method for campus security, rooted in YOLOv7, is presented. The EIoU (Efficient Intersection over Union) loss function has been substituted to expedite model convergence and heighten detection fidelity. Additionally, the integration of the CBAM (Convolutional Block Attention Module) attention mechanism with the DCNv2 (Deformable ConvNets v2) deformable convolutional kernel not only mitigates the challenge of information inundation but also enhances feature extraction capabilities, facilitating adjustments to geometric deformations. Experimental findings indicate that this proposed method achieves a detection accuracy of 92.6% across various categories on a dataset comprising three categories, spanning a total of 4500 images, and attains an mAP of 96.4%. In comparison to the conventional YOLOv7 algorithm, enhancements in detection accuracy and mAP by 6.9% and 6.6%, respectively, have been observed, affirming the efficacy of the presented algorithm.