青春期解离症与恐慌症状之间的关系及潜在中介因素探讨

JCPP advances Pub Date : 2023-10-11 DOI:10.1002/jcv2.12202
Lottie Shipp, Alisa Musatova, Emma Černis, Polly Waite
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摘要

背景 解离体验与青少年的恐慌症状有关,但这种关联的性质仍不清楚。 方法 在本研究中,我们调查了解离体验(侧重于感觉异常亚型)与恐慌之间的纵向关系,以及情绪调节策略(表达性抑制和认知再评价)、情感障碍和对解离的认知评价的潜在中介作用。研究人员通过社交媒体广告招募了 451 名 13-18 岁的青少年,让他们在两个时间点(相隔 1 个月)参与在线调查。 结果 对 421 个数据集进行分析后发现,最初的解离体验与一个月后报告的恐慌症状之间存在显著的正相关关系。认知再评价的情绪调节策略和对分离的认知评价对此有中介作用。在控制了第一个时间点的恐慌症状后,这两个变量不再是重要的中介变量,这可能是由于两次评估中恐慌症状的稳定性。自闭症和表达性抑制都不是重要的中介变量。 结论 因此,持续被误解为灾难性的解离体验可能会导致焦虑和恐慌症状的升级,这反过来又会增强和维持令人恐惧的解离感。这些结果表明,解离体验与青少年的恐慌症状有关,解离的认知评价和认知再评价在这种关系中发挥了作用。
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The relationship between dissociation and panic symptoms in adolescence and the exploration of potential mediators

Background

Dissociative experiences have been linked to panic symptoms in adolescents, yet the nature of the association remains unclear.

Methods

In the present study, we investigated the longitudinal relationship between dissociative experiences (focusing on the felt sense of anomaly subtype) and panic, as well as the potential mediating roles of emotion regulation strategies (expressive suppression and cognitive reappraisal), alexithymia, and cognitive appraisals of dissociation. Four thousand five hundred one adolescents aged 13–18 years were recruited via social media advertising to take part in an online survey at two timepoints, 1 month apart.

Results

Analysis of 421 datasets found a significant positive relationship between initial dissociative experiences and panic symptoms reported 1 month later. This was mediated by the emotion regulation strategy of cognitive reappraisal, and cognitive appraisals of dissociation. These two variables were no longer significant mediators when controlling for panic symptoms at the first time point, likely due to the stability of panic symptoms across both assessments. Neither alexithymia nor expressive suppression were significant mediators.

Conclusions

Thus, dissociative experiences that are persistently misinterpreted in a catastrophic manner may lead to escalating anxiety and panic symptoms, which could in turn heighten and maintain the feared dissociation sensation. These results indicate that dissociative experiences are associated with panic symptoms in adolescence, with cognitive appraisals of dissociation and cognitive reappraisal playing a role in this relationship.

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