Use of extraction solvent method to monitor the concentrations of acidic polysaccharides and ginsenosides from red and black ginseng

In this study, the extraction yield, acidic polysaccharides and ginsenosides of red and black ginseng were optimized by using the response surface methodology in consideration of the ethanol concentration and temperature of the extraction. The R2 of the model formula for the yield, acidic polysaccharides and ginsenosides was 0.8378-0.9679 (p<0.1). An optimal extraction yield of 5.29% was reached for red ginseng soluble solids when 1.52% ethanol concentration was used at a temperature of 67.27°C. Additionally, the optimal extraction yield for black ginseng soluble solid was 6.11% when 3.12% ethanol concentration was used at a temperature of 66.13°C. Furthermore, the optimal conditions for extracting acidic polysaccharides from red ginseng were using an ethanol concentration of 4.03% at a temperature of 69.61°C; a yield of 1.86 mg/mL was obtained. The optimal extraction yield for acidic polysaccharides from black ginseng was 1.80 mg/mL when extracted using a concentration of 24.67% of ethanol at a temperature of 71.14°C. An optimal extraction yield of 0.22 mg/mL was reached for ginsenoside Rg1 from red ginseng when 79.92% ethanol concentration was used at a temperature of 70.62°C. The optimal extraction yield of ginsenoside Rg3 from black ginseng was 0.31 mg/mL when ethanol was used at a concentration of 75.70% at a temperature of 65.49°C. The ideal extraction conditions for obtaining the maximum yield of both acidic polysaccharide and ginsenoside from red and black ginseng were using ethanol at a concentration between 35 and 50% at an extraction temperature of 70°C.