Exploring Single-Case Research Design With Individualized Anxiety-Based Neurofeedback Protocols and Session Data

Individuals’ experiences of anxiety differ in manifestation, development, and severity. Using retrospective neurofeedback session data which included quantitative electroencephalography (qEEG)-based anxiety protocols, we examined four participants’ data. We employed a single-case research design (SCRD) methodology to highlight the individual variations or change across participants’ neurofeedback session data. We assessed effect size using visual analysis, nonoverlap of all pairs, and simulation modeling analysis. Considering the novel concept of applying SCRD to physiological data, we compare and contrast our findings while also suggesting limitations and future areas for research.