欧洲一体化背景下国家劳工立法的法典化

Ulyana Beck
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摘要

文章明确了欧洲一体化背景下国家劳动立法法典化的原则、任务和特点。研究发现,欧洲社会模式的主要原则和社会政策方向体现在欧洲委员会的主要文件中:《保护人权和基本自由公约》、《欧洲社会宪章》(修订版),以及欧洲联盟的文件:《欧洲联盟条约》、《关于工人基本社会权利的共同体宪章》、《欧盟基本权利宪章》、欧盟指令、条例。客观地说,在劳工立法的法典化方面考虑到国际经验的问题涉及:1)在关于扩大歧视行为和因素清单的反歧视政策的规定部分考虑到法律规制的国际经验;2)在《国际劳工组织宪章》中规定专家委员会的权威,包括解释国际劳工标准的职能,以迫使成员国修改国家立法;3)加强信息互动,减少立法行为数量,强化劳动保护领域的责任;4)建立劳务移民中心,扩大乌克兰劳务移民的权利,特别是在社会保障方面;5)提高最低工资的机制应与“消费篮子”的变化相关联。事实证明,如果不考虑和全面涵盖规范劳工移徙、歧视、职业安全和卫生、告知雇员和支付其工作费用等问题的国际法律规范,就无法构建乌克兰劳工立法法制化的法律基础。这些问题,连同建立和保障基本的劳工权利,应该成为国家社会政策的一个重要方向。
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Codification of national labor legislation in the context of European integration
The article defines the content of the principles, tasks and features of the codification of national labor legislation to international legal standards in the context of European integration. It was found that the main principles of the European social model and directions of social policy are enshrined in the main documents of the Council of Europe: the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, the European Social Charter (revised), as well as in the documents of the European Union: the Treaty on European Union, the Charter Communities on the basic social rights of workers, the Charter of Basic Rights of the EU, EU directives, regulations. It has been objectified that the issue of taking into account international experience regarding the codification of labor legislation involves: 1) taking into account the international experience of legal regulation in the part of provisions regulating anti-discrimination policy regarding the expansion of the list of discriminatory actions and factors; 2) enshrining in the ILO Charter the authority of the Committee of Experts, including the function of interpreting international labor standards, to oblige member states to change national legislation; 3) strengthening information interaction, reducing the number of legislative acts, strengthening responsibility in the field of labor protection; 4) creation of a center for labor migration and expansion of the rights of labor migrants in Ukraine, in particular in terms of their social security; 5) mechanisms for raising the minimum wage should be correlated with changes in the «consumer basket». It has been proven that the legal basis of the codification of the labor legislation of Ukraine cannot be constructed without taking into account and comprehensively covering the international legal norms that regulate the issues of labor migration, discrimination, occupational safety and hygiene, informing employees, and paying for their work. These issues, along with establishing and guaranteeing fundamental labor rights, should become a key direction of state social policy.
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Codification of national labor legislation in the context of European integration Legal awareness and the national idea are the basis of a stable state and legal development of society Differences in the criminal law regulations of liability for fraud in the legislation of some foreign countries Local government in Ukraine under the conditions of marital state Ensuring the principle of the right to protection in Ukraine
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