在乌克兰战争期间保护儿童的权利和合法利益

Ihor Koval
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摘要

人们发现,在乌克兰,保护儿童权利和利益的问题甚至在战争之前就得到了相当大的重视。从青少年预防的形成到教育改革,所有的措施都是为了形成完整的下一代人格。重要的是,在儿童处于困难的生活环境期间,他们应感到全面的保护,而不是让他们独自面对残酷的生活现实。在没有敌对行动的领土上,有必要确保教育进程,如果可能的话,确保未成年人社会支助团体和中心的活动。一个积极的时刻将是儿童与父母的联合社会工作(志愿服务、社会文化活动、法律教育,使父母和儿童充分了解戒严期间的社会保障和权利)。有人强调,在戒严期间公民的某些权利受到法律限制的情况下,确保儿童权利和利益的问题就成为现实。由于国内流离失所者人数众多,失去父母和亲属的儿童人数增加,以及战争造成的其他因素,这项任务变得更加复杂。在所有方面(身体、心理、社会和家庭)最大限度地保障儿童安全的问题,对于维护将面临发展乌克兰任务的健康的下一代至关重要。有人指出,立法机构应积极响应现代的挑战,通过规范性法律行为,或对现有法律进行修改和补充,以确保受战争影响的儿童的权利、自由和合法利益,依靠国际法律经验,不幸的是,这些国家正面临着解决这些问题的问题。人们的注意力集中在因战争而离开乌克兰的儿童的安全问题上。国际法律界的代表帮助解决这个问题。乌克兰在保护儿童权利领域的国家政策的主要组成部分之一是改进法律框架,包括执行欧洲和国际法的准则。
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Protection of the rights and legal interests of children during the war in Ukraine
It was found out that in Ukraine, the issue of protecting the rights and interests of children was given considerable attention even before the war. Starting from the formation of juvenile prevention to educational reforms - all measures were aimed at forming a complete personality of the future generation. It is important that, during their stay in difficult life circumstances, children feel comprehensive protection and that they are not left alone in the cruel realities of life. In territories where there are no active hostilities, it is necessary to ensure the educational process, if possible, the activities of groups and centers for social support of minors. A positive moment will be the joint social work of children with their parents (volunteering, socio-cultural events, legal education to fully inform parents and children about social guarantees and rights during martial law. It was emphasized that under the conditions, when certain rights of citizens are legally restricted during martial law, the problem of ensuring the rights and interests of children becomes actualized. This task is complicated by the large number of internally displaced persons, the increase in the number of children who have lost their parents and relatives, and other factors resulting from the war. The issue of maximum safety of children in all aspects (physical, psychological, social and household) is important for the preservation of a healthy future generation that will face the task of developing Ukraine. It is noted that legislative bodies should actively respond to the challenges of modern times by adopting normative legal acts, or introducing changes and additions to existing ones, in favor of ensuring the rights, freedoms and legitimate interests of children affected by war, relying on international legal experience countries that, unfortunately, were faced with the solution of such problems. Attention is focused on the problem of the safety of children who left Ukraine due to the war. Representatives of the international legal community help solve this problem. One of the main components of the state policy of Ukraine in the field of protection of children's rights is the improvement of the legal framework, including the implementation of the norms of European and international law.
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