{"title":"古斯塔夫·罗伯特·基尔霍夫[拓荒者]","authors":"Wolfgang Mathis","doi":"10.1109/mcas.2023.3302392","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<fig orientation=\"portrait\" position=\"float\" xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"> <graphic orientation=\"portrait\" position=\"float\" xlink:href=\"kirch-3302392.tif\"/> </fig> In the 19th century, new electrical, magnetic, and thermal phenomena were observed, eventually leading to the development of electromagnetic theory and thermodynamics as new theories of physics. These theories were mainly developed by physicists in France, Great Britain, and Germany. Gustav Robert Kirchhoff was one of the German physicists involved in this process and thus became one of the founders of mathematical physics, at least in Germany. Together with Robert Wilhelm Bunsen, he developed optical spectroscopy and examined the spectrum of the sun, becoming one of the founders of astrophysics. Kirchhoff introduced the black body and discovered the law of thermal radiation. However, electrical engineers know Kirchhoff because of his fundamental contributions to electrical circuits and the well-known Kirchhoff’s laws.","PeriodicalId":55038,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Circuits and Systems Magazine","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6000,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Gustav Robert Kirchhoff [Pioneers]\",\"authors\":\"Wolfgang Mathis\",\"doi\":\"10.1109/mcas.2023.3302392\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<fig orientation=\\\"portrait\\\" position=\\\"float\\\" xmlns:mml=\\\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\\\" xmlns:xlink=\\\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\\\"> <graphic orientation=\\\"portrait\\\" position=\\\"float\\\" xlink:href=\\\"kirch-3302392.tif\\\"/> </fig> In the 19th century, new electrical, magnetic, and thermal phenomena were observed, eventually leading to the development of electromagnetic theory and thermodynamics as new theories of physics. These theories were mainly developed by physicists in France, Great Britain, and Germany. Gustav Robert Kirchhoff was one of the German physicists involved in this process and thus became one of the founders of mathematical physics, at least in Germany. Together with Robert Wilhelm Bunsen, he developed optical spectroscopy and examined the spectrum of the sun, becoming one of the founders of astrophysics. Kirchhoff introduced the black body and discovered the law of thermal radiation. However, electrical engineers know Kirchhoff because of his fundamental contributions to electrical circuits and the well-known Kirchhoff’s laws.\",\"PeriodicalId\":55038,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"IEEE Circuits and Systems Magazine\",\"volume\":\"35 1\",\"pages\":\"0\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":5.6000,\"publicationDate\":\"2023-01-01\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"IEEE Circuits and Systems Magazine\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1109/mcas.2023.3302392\",\"RegionNum\":2,\"RegionCategory\":\"工程技术\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"IEEE Circuits and Systems Magazine","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mcas.2023.3302392","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
摘要
在19世纪，新的电、磁和热现象被观察到，最终导致了电磁理论和热力学作为新的物理理论的发展。这些理论主要是由法国、英国和德国的物理学家提出的。古斯塔夫·罗伯特·基尔霍夫(Gustav Robert Kirchhoff)是参与这一过程的德国物理学家之一，因此成为数学物理学的创始人之一，至少在德国是这样。他与罗伯特·威廉·本生一起发展了光谱学，并研究了太阳的光谱，成为天体物理学的创始人之一。基尔霍夫介绍了黑体，发现了热辐射定律。然而，电气工程师知道基尔霍夫是因为他对电路的基本贡献和著名的基尔霍夫定律。
In the 19th century, new electrical, magnetic, and thermal phenomena were observed, eventually leading to the development of electromagnetic theory and thermodynamics as new theories of physics. These theories were mainly developed by physicists in France, Great Britain, and Germany. Gustav Robert Kirchhoff was one of the German physicists involved in this process and thus became one of the founders of mathematical physics, at least in Germany. Together with Robert Wilhelm Bunsen, he developed optical spectroscopy and examined the spectrum of the sun, becoming one of the founders of astrophysics. Kirchhoff introduced the black body and discovered the law of thermal radiation. However, electrical engineers know Kirchhoff because of his fundamental contributions to electrical circuits and the well-known Kirchhoff’s laws.
期刊介绍：
The IEEE Circuits and Systems Magazine covers the subject areas represented by the Society's transactions, including: analog, passive, switch capacitor, and digital filters; electronic circuits, networks, graph theory, and RF communication circuits; system theory; discrete, IC, and VLSI circuit design; multidimensional circuits and systems; large-scale systems and power networks; nonlinear circuits and systems, wavelets, filter banks, and applications; neural networks; and signal processing. Content also covers the areas represented by the Society technical committees: analog signal processing, cellular neural networks and array computing, circuits and systems for communications, computer-aided network design, digital signal processing, multimedia systems and applications, neural systems and applications, nonlinear circuits and systems, power systems and power electronics and circuits, sensors and micromaching, visual signal processing and communication, and VLSI systems and applications. Lastly, the magazine covers the interests represented by the widespread conference activity of the IEEE Circuits and Systems Society. In addition to the technical articles, the magazine also covers Society administrative activities, as for instance the meetings of the Board of Governors, Society People, as for instance the stories of award winners-fellows, medalists, and so forth, and Places reached by the Society, including readable reports from the Society's conferences around the world.
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