{"title":"西班牙内战后的劳工监察。监管干预主义与缺席主义劳动监察绩效","authors":"Marcial Sánchez-Mosquera","doi":"10.1080/0023656x.2023.2260754","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTThis paper focuses on something not previously addressed by the literature, labour inspection in Spain in the first decades of the Franco dictatorship. Despite the Franco dictatorship’s fascist-style approach of regulatory interventionism, this research shows a relapse into an abstentionist conception of labour inspection that led to worker vulnerability. The study has not only found, as was already known, normative similarities with the contemporaneous Italian and German dictatorships, but also similar (although more severe) limitations to the functioning of the inspection service. The slight improvement registered from 1947 onwards and the effort to achieve a limited equivalence with Western democracies also failed to notably improve working conditions, occupational safety and worker protection. The Labour Inspectorate suffered from understaffing and a lack of resources up to the very end of the dictatorship, something which the incipient democracy then inherited. These human and material resource shortages continue to be a problem and are currently debated in Spain.KEYWORDS: FascismFrancoismindustrial relationslabour inspectoratelabour institutionsSpain AcknowledgmentsI would like to thank Professor Richard Croucher his helpful suggestions and comments at the beginning of this research. His whole work will always be a source of inspiration in the field of industrial relations.Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author.Notes1. Archivo de Cámara Oficial de Comercio, Industria y Navegación de Sevilla (AGCOCISNS. CÁMARA) 109, 111, 136 and 199.2. Servicio Central de Inspección del Ministerio de Trabajo, Memorias Estadística de la Labor Realizada por el Cuerpo Nacional de Inspectores de Trabajo, 1943–1956. Madrid: Ministerio de Trabajo.3. Archivo Histórico del Ministerio de Trabajo, 199.360–199.392, 198.725–198.730.4. AGCOCISNS. CÁMARA, 109.5. Servicio de Inspección de Trabajo, Nómina, escalafón y escalas de la Inspección de Trabajo en 1974. Madrid: Ministerio de Trabajo.Additional informationFundingThe author received financial support for the research for the research project Los Determinantes Institucionales del Funcionamiento del Mercado de Trabajo en España (1939–2017). Un Estudio en Perspectiva Comparada en el Marco de la Europa del Sur (Ref.: RTI2018-099188-A-I00) funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033/and FEDER Una manera de hacer Europa.Notes on contributorsMarcial Sánchez-MosqueraMarcial Sánchez-Mosquera is an associate professor at the University of Seville. He holds a PhD in Applied Economic Analysis and History and Economic Institutions. His research interests include economic history, economic and labour institutions, labour market, social dialogue, and social and economic actors. He has published the results of his research in European Journal of Industrial Relations, Economic and Industrial Democracy, The Economic and Labour Relations Review, Revista de Historia Industrial/Industrial History Review and Cuadernos de Relaciones Laborales, among others.","PeriodicalId":45777,"journal":{"name":"Labor History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7000,"publicationDate":"2023-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Labour inspection after the civil war in Spain. Regulatory interventionism and abstentionist labour inspection performance\",\"authors\":\"Marcial Sánchez-Mosquera\",\"doi\":\"10.1080/0023656x.2023.2260754\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"ABSTRACTThis paper focuses on something not previously addressed by the literature, labour inspection in Spain in the first decades of the Franco dictatorship. Despite the Franco dictatorship’s fascist-style approach of regulatory interventionism, this research shows a relapse into an abstentionist conception of labour inspection that led to worker vulnerability. The study has not only found, as was already known, normative similarities with the contemporaneous Italian and German dictatorships, but also similar (although more severe) limitations to the functioning of the inspection service. The slight improvement registered from 1947 onwards and the effort to achieve a limited equivalence with Western democracies also failed to notably improve working conditions, occupational safety and worker protection. The Labour Inspectorate suffered from understaffing and a lack of resources up to the very end of the dictatorship, something which the incipient democracy then inherited. These human and material resource shortages continue to be a problem and are currently debated in Spain.KEYWORDS: FascismFrancoismindustrial relationslabour inspectoratelabour institutionsSpain AcknowledgmentsI would like to thank Professor Richard Croucher his helpful suggestions and comments at the beginning of this research. His whole work will always be a source of inspiration in the field of industrial relations.Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author.Notes1. Archivo de Cámara Oficial de Comercio, Industria y Navegación de Sevilla (AGCOCISNS. CÁMARA) 109, 111, 136 and 199.2. Servicio Central de Inspección del Ministerio de Trabajo, Memorias Estadística de la Labor Realizada por el Cuerpo Nacional de Inspectores de Trabajo, 1943–1956. Madrid: Ministerio de Trabajo.3. Archivo Histórico del Ministerio de Trabajo, 199.360–199.392, 198.725–198.730.4. AGCOCISNS. CÁMARA, 109.5. Servicio de Inspección de Trabajo, Nómina, escalafón y escalas de la Inspección de Trabajo en 1974. Madrid: Ministerio de Trabajo.Additional informationFundingThe author received financial support for the research for the research project Los Determinantes Institucionales del Funcionamiento del Mercado de Trabajo en España (1939–2017). Un Estudio en Perspectiva Comparada en el Marco de la Europa del Sur (Ref.: RTI2018-099188-A-I00) funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033/and FEDER Una manera de hacer Europa.Notes on contributorsMarcial Sánchez-MosqueraMarcial Sánchez-Mosquera is an associate professor at the University of Seville. He holds a PhD in Applied Economic Analysis and History and Economic Institutions. His research interests include economic history, economic and labour institutions, labour market, social dialogue, and social and economic actors. 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引用次数: 0
摘要
摘要本文的重点是以前没有解决的文献,在佛朗哥独裁统治的头几十年西班牙的劳动检查。尽管佛朗哥独裁统治的监管干预主义是法西斯式的,但这项研究表明,劳工检查的缺席主义概念的复发导致了工人的脆弱性。这项研究不仅发现,正如已经知道的那样,在规范上与同时期的意大利和德国独裁政权相似,而且在检查事务处的运作方面也有类似的(虽然更严重的)限制。自1947年以来略有改善,并努力实现与西方民主国家有限的等同,但也未能显著改善工作条件、职业安全和工人保护。直到独裁统治末期,劳工监察局一直遭受人手不足和资源匮乏的困扰,这是后来初现雏形的民主所继承的。这些人力和物质资源短缺仍然是一个问题,目前正在西班牙进行辩论。关键词:法西斯主义;弗朗索瓦主义;劳资关系;劳动监察;他的全部作品将永远是劳资关系领域的灵感源泉。披露声明作者未报告潜在的利益冲突。Cámara塞维利亚官方商业和工业档案馆Navegación (AGCOCISNS.)CÁMARA) 109、111、136和1992 .2。Inspección特拉巴霍劳动部长中央服务处,纪念馆Estadística特拉巴霍国家监察员大会,1943-1956年。马德里:Ministerio de trabajo。档案馆Histórico特拉巴霍部长,199.360-199.392,198.725-198.730.4。AGCOCISNS。卡马拉,109.5。Inspección de Trabajo服务,Nómina, escalafón与Inspección de Trabajo escalas de la Inspección de Trabajo, 1974年。马德里:交通部长。作者获得了研究项目Los Determinantes instituionales del funccionamiento del Mercado de Trabajo en España的研究资金支持(1939-2017)。unestudio en Perspectiva Comparada en el Marco de la Europa del Sur (Ref.: RTI2018-099188-A-I00)由MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033/和FEDER Una manera de hacer Europa资助。作者简介:smarcial Sánchez-MosqueraMarcial Sánchez-Mosquera,塞维利亚大学副教授。他拥有应用经济分析和历史与经济制度博士学位。他的研究兴趣包括经济史、经济和劳动制度、劳动力市场、社会对话、社会和经济行为者。他的研究成果发表在《欧洲工业关系杂志》、《经济与工业民主》、《经济与劳动关系评论》、《工业历史评论》和《劳动关系杂志》等刊物上。
Labour inspection after the civil war in Spain. Regulatory interventionism and abstentionist labour inspection performance
ABSTRACTThis paper focuses on something not previously addressed by the literature, labour inspection in Spain in the first decades of the Franco dictatorship. Despite the Franco dictatorship’s fascist-style approach of regulatory interventionism, this research shows a relapse into an abstentionist conception of labour inspection that led to worker vulnerability. The study has not only found, as was already known, normative similarities with the contemporaneous Italian and German dictatorships, but also similar (although more severe) limitations to the functioning of the inspection service. The slight improvement registered from 1947 onwards and the effort to achieve a limited equivalence with Western democracies also failed to notably improve working conditions, occupational safety and worker protection. The Labour Inspectorate suffered from understaffing and a lack of resources up to the very end of the dictatorship, something which the incipient democracy then inherited. These human and material resource shortages continue to be a problem and are currently debated in Spain.KEYWORDS: FascismFrancoismindustrial relationslabour inspectoratelabour institutionsSpain AcknowledgmentsI would like to thank Professor Richard Croucher his helpful suggestions and comments at the beginning of this research. His whole work will always be a source of inspiration in the field of industrial relations.Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author.Notes1. Archivo de Cámara Oficial de Comercio, Industria y Navegación de Sevilla (AGCOCISNS. CÁMARA) 109, 111, 136 and 199.2. Servicio Central de Inspección del Ministerio de Trabajo, Memorias Estadística de la Labor Realizada por el Cuerpo Nacional de Inspectores de Trabajo, 1943–1956. Madrid: Ministerio de Trabajo.3. Archivo Histórico del Ministerio de Trabajo, 199.360–199.392, 198.725–198.730.4. AGCOCISNS. CÁMARA, 109.5. Servicio de Inspección de Trabajo, Nómina, escalafón y escalas de la Inspección de Trabajo en 1974. Madrid: Ministerio de Trabajo.Additional informationFundingThe author received financial support for the research for the research project Los Determinantes Institucionales del Funcionamiento del Mercado de Trabajo en España (1939–2017). Un Estudio en Perspectiva Comparada en el Marco de la Europa del Sur (Ref.: RTI2018-099188-A-I00) funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033/and FEDER Una manera de hacer Europa.Notes on contributorsMarcial Sánchez-MosqueraMarcial Sánchez-Mosquera is an associate professor at the University of Seville. He holds a PhD in Applied Economic Analysis and History and Economic Institutions. His research interests include economic history, economic and labour institutions, labour market, social dialogue, and social and economic actors. He has published the results of his research in European Journal of Industrial Relations, Economic and Industrial Democracy, The Economic and Labour Relations Review, Revista de Historia Industrial/Industrial History Review and Cuadernos de Relaciones Laborales, among others.
期刊介绍:
Labor History is the pre-eminent journal for historical scholarship on labor. It is thoroughly ecumenical in its approach and showcases the work of labor historians, industrial relations scholars, labor economists, political scientists, sociologists, social movement theorists, business scholars and all others who write about labor issues. Labor History is also committed to geographical and chronological breadth. It publishes work on labor in the US and all other areas of the world. It is concerned with questions of labor in every time period, from the eighteenth century to contemporary events. Labor History provides a forum for all labor scholars, thus helping to bind together a large but fragmented area of study. By embracing all disciplines, time frames and locales, Labor History is the flagship journal of the entire field. All research articles published in the journal have undergone rigorous peer review, based on initial editor screening and refereeing by at least two anonymous referees.