用于处理科学和技术实验结果的均数和最小二乘法的替代方法

Ignatkin Valery, Dudnikov Volodymyr, Luchyshyn Taras, Alekseenko Serhii, Yushkevich Oleh, Karpova Tetyana, Khokhlova Tetyana, Khomosh Yuriy, Tikhonov Vasyl
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摘要

增加各种性质系统的复杂性和规模需要不断改进建模和通过实验验证所获得的结果。只有正确地设置和处理,才能清晰地进行每个实验,客观地评价研究过程的总结,并将一项研究中获得的材料推广到一系列其他研究中。在实验数据的基础上,选择代数表达式,称为经验公式,在描述对象、系统或现象的这一阶段,如果某些函数的解析表达式很复杂或不存在,就使用它。在选择经验公式时,广泛使用的多项式形式是:* = А0 + А1х+ А2х2+ А3х3+…+ Аnхn,如果将任何测量结果表示为连续函数,都可以用它来近似。特别有价值的是,即使解(多项式)的确切表达式未知,也可以使用均值和最小二乘法确定系数An的值。但在最小二乘方法中,由于受到前一阶段信息处理噪声的影响,当数据中的噪声增加时,估计值会发生偏移。因此,对于实时信息处理过程,提出了一种伪反向运算,该运算使用递归公式进行。这个过程是沿着给定大小的矩阵的列逐次更新(带移位)的过程,并且在信息变化的每一步进行伪反转。这种方法很简单,并且利用了边界方法。使用伪反演,可以使用彭罗斯条件控制每一步计算的正确性。在各种目的的系统的优化、某些参数和特征的预测、线性代数、统计学、所得到的解的结构的表示、在Adomar-Tikhonov意义上理解所得到的解的不正确性的内容,以及看到这些解的正则化方法等过程中,可能会出现伪反演的需要。
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Alternative to mean and least squares methods used in processing the results of scientific and technical experiments
Increasing the complexity and size of systems of various nature requires constant improvement of modeling and verification of the obtained results by experiment. It is possible to clearly conduct each experiment, objectively evaluate the summaries of the researched process, and spread the material obtained in one study to a series of other studies only if they are correctly set up and processed. On the basis of experimental data, algebraic expressions are selected, which are called empirical formulas, which are used if the analytical expression of some function is complex or does not exist at this stage of the description of the object, system or phenomenon. When selecting empirical formulas, polynomials of the form: у = А0 + А1х+ А2х2+ А3х3+…+ Аnхn are widely used, which can be used to approximate any measurement results if they are expressed as continuous functions. It is especially valuable that even if the exact expression of the solution (polynomial) is unknown, it is possible to determine the value of the coefficients An using the methods of mean and least squares. But in the method of least squares, there is a shift in estimates when the noise in the data is increased, as it is affected by the noise of the previous stages of information processing. Therefore, for real-time information processing procedures, a pseudo-reverse operation is proposed, which is performed using recurrent formulas. This procedure is a procedure of successive updating (with a shift) along the columns of the matrix of given sizes and pseudo-reversal at each step of information change. This approach is straightforward and takes advantage of the bounding method. With pseudo-inversion, it is possible to control the correctness of calculations at each step, using Penrose conditions. The need for pseudo-inversion may arise during optimization, forecasting of certain parameters and characteristics of systems of various purposes, in various problems of linear algebra, statistics, presentation of the structure of the obtained solutions, to understand the content of the incorrectness of the resulting solution, in the sense of Adomar-Tikhonov, and to see the ways of regularization of such solutions.
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Models and methods of learning neural networks with differentiated activation functions Informativeness of statistical processing of experimental measurements by the modified Bush-Wind criterion Review of mathematical models and information technologies for business analysis of the big web data USING SHARDING TO IMPROVE BLOCKCHAIN NETWORK SCALABILITY Alternative to mean and least squares methods used in processing the results of scientific and technical experiments
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