Heat transfer enhancement in free convection flow of MHD second grade fluid with carbon nanotubes (CNTS) over a vertically static plate

Nanofluids are said to have high potential applicability as an enhanced thermophysical heat transfer fluid and are also related to CMC (carboxymethyl cellulose) due to their increased thermal conductivities. The intention of this research is to investigate and analyze the free convection flow of a second grade MHD heat transfer of CNTs on a vertically static plate with a constant wall temperature. The two types of CNTs are immersed in CMC, named multiple wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWC-NTs). Nanofluids have been determined to offer a great potential application as an improved thermophysical heat transfer fluid, also due to their higher thermal conductivities. The problem is formulated as PDEs with initial and boundary conditions that are transformed into dimensionless structures by using unique non-dimensional variables. The general solution to the problem is achieved by utilizing the Laplace Transformation approach and obtaining the exact solutions for velocity, temperature, and shear stress. We compared the solutions of SWCNTs and MWCNTs regarding parameters such as Grashof number, relaxation time, Prandtl number, and volume fraction of nanoparticles. The results are significantly influenced by the differences in SWCNTs andMWCNTs.