Human health risk evaluation of sodium and ironic elements variability in ground water: A case study of Abuja North, Nigeria

Harmful substance tends to come into water bodies through geodesic and human-induced sources, therefore persistent drinking water monitoring schemes are crucial. The goal of this paper was to estimate the human health threat posed through high sodium and iron accumulation in borehole water used for both consumption and domestic activities. As this will help in the prevention of water-related sicknesses and maintenance of good health for human being that rely on water to survive. Specially, rural region need to be enlightened about biochemistry of the mineral elements ingested, since excessive intake of some minerals can upset homeostatic balance and cause toxic side effects. For instance, excess sodium ingestion ensuing from daily intake of saline origins is associated with high blood pressure, while excess iron intake can stimulate liver impairment or brain damage which connected to aging and protein-misfolding neurodegenerative ailments. More importantly, when an individual suffering from a chronic sickness take prescriptions with water of unknown quality as human being believes that groundwater possess safe water quality, the health situation becomes worst. In this paper, iron accumulation in borehole water varied at distinct sites, span between 0.01 mg/L and 2.95 mg/L with a mean value of 1.02 mg/L whereas that of sodium range from 55.98 mg/L to 515.45 mg/L with mean value of 260.19 mg/L. The Hierarchical cluster scrutiny revealed three common clusters wherein the samplings could be grouped. The non-carcinogenic threat was calculated and the Total Threat Index above 1.0 for sodium ingestion in the scrutinized sites was gotten from all locations.