[肝硬化患者肺部并发症]。

Seul Ki Han, Soon Koo Baik, Moon Young Kim
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摘要

门静脉高压是一种临床综合征,其特征是门静脉压力升高。门静脉高压最常见的病因是肝硬化,而肝硬化的许多并发症,如腹水、胃食管静脉曲张出血等,都与门静脉高压有关。门静脉高压症是由门静脉系统血流积聚引起的一种病理状况。这种血流滞留减少了有效的循环容量。为了弥补这些变化,会发生神经递质激素变化和代谢异常,从而导致肝脏以外器官的并发症。肝性胸水是由于门静脉压力增加引起的胸膜腔积液。肝肺综合征和门脉性肺动脉高压是肝硬化血管结构变形引起的肺部并发症。呼吸困难、缺氧等症状影响患者的生存和生活质量。这些肺部并发症在肝硬化治疗中通常被低估。本文简要介绍肝硬化肺部并发症的类型。
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[Pulmonary Complications in Patients with Liver Cirrhosis].

Portal hypertension is a clinical syndrome defined by an increased portal venous pressure. The most frequent cause of portal hypertension is liver cirrhosis, and many of the complications of cirrhosis, such as ascites and gastroesophageal variceal bleeding, are related to portal hypertension. Portal hypertension is a pathological condition caused by the accumulation of blood flow in the portal system. This blood flow retention reduces the effective circulation volume. To compensate for these changes, neurotransmitter hormone changes and metabolic abnormalities occur, which cause complications in organs other than the liver. A hepatic hydrothorax is fluid accumulation in the pleural space resulting from increased portal pressure. Hepatopulmonary syndrome and portopulmonary hypertension are the pulmonary complications in cirrhosis by deforming the vascular structure. Symptoms, such as dyspnea and hypoxia, affect the survival and the quality of life of patients. These lung complications are usually underestimated in the management of cirrhosis. This review briefly introduces the type of lung complications of cirrhosis.

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