α-Tocopherol Polyethylene Glycol 1000 Succinate-Based Cationic Liposome for the Intracellular Delivery of Doxorubicin in MDA-MB-231 Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cell Line.

Present research work reports the development of doxorubicin (DOX) loaded α-tocopherol polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate (TPGS)-coated cationic liposomes. The developed formulation was evaluated for its anticancer potential and intracellular uptake against the MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell line. Moreover, hemocompatibility studies were also done on human blood red blood cells for the determination of blood compatibility. The prepared doxorubicin-loaded TPGS liposomes (DOX-LIPO-TPGS) and doxorubicin-loaded cationic liposomes (DOX-LIPO⁺-TPGS) reveal vesicle size (177.5 ± 2.5 and 201.7 ± 2.3 nm), polydispersity index (0.189 ± 0.01 and 0.218 ± 0.02), zeta potential (-36.9 ± 0.7 and 42 ± 0.9 mv), and % entrapment efficiency (65.88% ± 3.7% and 74.5% ± 3.9%). Furthermore, in vitro, drug release kinetics of the drug alone and drug from formulation shows sustained release behavior of developed formulation with 99.98% in 12 h and 80.98% release of the drug in 72 h, respectively. In addition, cytotoxicity studies and cellular DOX uptake on the MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell line depict higher cytotoxic and drug uptake potential with better hemocompatibility of DOX-LIPO⁺-TPGS with respect to DOX. The data from the study revealed that TPGS plays an important role in enhancing the formulation's quality attributes like stability, drug release, cytotoxicity, and hemocompatibility behavior. This may serve that TPGS-coated cationic liposome as a vital candidate for the treatment of cancer and drug delivery in case of breast cancer.