{"title":"经颅直流电刺激(tDCS)对认知功能的影响:系统综述和荟萃分析。","authors":"Abdolvahed Narmashiri, Fatemeh Akbari","doi":"10.1007/s11065-023-09627-x","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Previous studies have investigated the effect of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on cognitive functions. However, these studies reported inconsistent results due to differences in experiment design, measurements, and stimulation parameters. Nonetheless, there is a lack of meta-analyses and review studies on tDCS and its impact on cognitive functions, including working memory, inhibition, flexibility, and theory of mind. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of tDCS studies published from the earliest available data up to October 2021, including studies reporting the effects of tDCS on cognitive functions in human populations. Therefore, these systematic review and meta-analysis aim to comprehensively analyze the effects of anodal and cathodal tDCS on cognitive functions by investigating 69 articles with a total of 5545 participants. Our study reveals significant anodal tDCS effects on various cognitive functions. Specifically, we observed improvements in working memory reaction time (RT), inhibition RT, flexibility RT, theory of mind RT, working memory accuracy, theory of mind accuracy and flexibility accuracy. Furthermore, our findings demonstrate noteworthy cathodal tDCS effects, enhancing working memory accuracy, inhibition accuracy, flexibility RT, flexibility accuracy, theory of mind RT, and theory of mind accuracy. Notably, regarding the influence of stimulation parameters of tDCS on cognitive functions, the results indicated significant differences across various aspects, including the timing of stimulation (online vs. offline studies), population type (clinical vs. healthy studies), stimulation duration (< 15 min vs. > 15 min), electrical current intensities (1-1.5 m.A vs. > 1.5 m.A), stimulation sites (right frontal vs. left frontal studies), age groups (young vs. older studies), and different cognitive tasks in each cognitive functioning aspect. 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引用次数: 0
摘要
已有研究探讨了经颅直流电刺激(tDCS)对认知功能的影响。然而，由于实验设计、测量和刺激参数的差异，这些研究报告的结果不一致。然而，关于tDCS及其对认知功能(包括工作记忆、抑制、灵活性和心理理论)的影响缺乏meta分析和综述研究。我们对截至2021年10月的最早可用数据发表的tDCS研究进行了系统回顾和荟萃分析，包括报道tDCS对人类认知功能影响的研究。因此，本系统综述和荟萃分析旨在通过调查69篇文章，共5545名参与者，全面分析阳极和阴极tDCS对认知功能的影响。我们的研究揭示了阳极tDCS对多种认知功能的显著影响。具体而言，我们观察到工作记忆反应时间(RT)、抑制RT、灵活性RT、心理理论RT、工作记忆准确性、心理理论准确性和灵活性准确性的改善。此外，我们的研究结果还显示了显著的阴极tDCS效应，提高了工作记忆准确性、抑制准确性、灵活性RT、灵活性RT、心理理论RT和心理理论准确性。值得注意的是，在tDCS刺激参数对认知功能的影响方面，结果显示刺激时间(在线与离线研究)、人群类型(临床与健康研究)、刺激持续时间(15分钟)、电流强度(1-1.5 m)等各方面存在显著差异。A vs > 1.5 m.A)，刺激部位(右额叶vs左额叶研究)，年龄组(年轻vs年长研究)，以及每个认知功能方面的不同认知任务。总之，我们的研究结果表明，tDCS可以有效地提高认知任务的表现，为这种方法对认知改善的潜在好处提供了有价值的见解。
The Effects of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) on the Cognitive Functions: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
Previous studies have investigated the effect of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on cognitive functions. However, these studies reported inconsistent results due to differences in experiment design, measurements, and stimulation parameters. Nonetheless, there is a lack of meta-analyses and review studies on tDCS and its impact on cognitive functions, including working memory, inhibition, flexibility, and theory of mind. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of tDCS studies published from the earliest available data up to October 2021, including studies reporting the effects of tDCS on cognitive functions in human populations. Therefore, these systematic review and meta-analysis aim to comprehensively analyze the effects of anodal and cathodal tDCS on cognitive functions by investigating 69 articles with a total of 5545 participants. Our study reveals significant anodal tDCS effects on various cognitive functions. Specifically, we observed improvements in working memory reaction time (RT), inhibition RT, flexibility RT, theory of mind RT, working memory accuracy, theory of mind accuracy and flexibility accuracy. Furthermore, our findings demonstrate noteworthy cathodal tDCS effects, enhancing working memory accuracy, inhibition accuracy, flexibility RT, flexibility accuracy, theory of mind RT, and theory of mind accuracy. Notably, regarding the influence of stimulation parameters of tDCS on cognitive functions, the results indicated significant differences across various aspects, including the timing of stimulation (online vs. offline studies), population type (clinical vs. healthy studies), stimulation duration (< 15 min vs. > 15 min), electrical current intensities (1-1.5 m.A vs. > 1.5 m.A), stimulation sites (right frontal vs. left frontal studies), age groups (young vs. older studies), and different cognitive tasks in each cognitive functioning aspect. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that tDCS can effectively enhance cognitive task performance, offering valuable insights into the potential benefits of this method for cognitive improvement.
期刊介绍：
Neuropsychology Review is a quarterly, refereed publication devoted to integrative review papers on substantive content areas in neuropsychology, with particular focus on populations with endogenous or acquired conditions affecting brain and function and on translational research providing a mechanistic understanding of clinical problems. Publication of new data is not the purview of the journal. Articles are written by international specialists in the field, discussing such complex issues as distinctive functional features of central nervous system disease and injury; challenges in early diagnosis; the impact of genes and environment on function; risk factors for functional impairment; treatment efficacy of neuropsychological rehabilitation; the role of neuroimaging, neuroelectrophysiology, and other neurometric modalities in explicating function; clinical trial design; neuropsychological function and its substrates characteristic of normal development and aging; and neuropsychological dysfunction and its substrates in neurological, psychiatric, and medical conditions. The journal''s broad perspective is supported by an outstanding, multidisciplinary editorial review board guided by the aim to provide students and professionals, clinicians and researchers with scholarly articles that critically and objectively summarize and synthesize the strengths and weaknesses in the literature and propose novel hypotheses, methods of analysis, and links to other fields.
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